Profile
Settings
Refer your friends
Sign out
Classification of Elements
Everything, from the air we breathe to the food we eat, is made up of numerous components that serve as the basic building blocks. Pick up anything in your environment and you’ll be shocked at the composition of its stuff. Deep research into the matter around us uncovers numerous unique and fascinating facts regarding the constitution of matter.
Elements have been discovered on their own journey through history from time to time. We have progressed so far in history that there are currently over 114 elements known to humans, some of which are even man-made. So let’s have a look at all of these distinct parts.
Elements
Elements are the basic building units of matter that surround us. New elements have been discovered from time to time, bringing to light numerous qualities of objects around us.
As fresh elements enter the common understanding of people, it becomes more difficult to analyse each element in isolation. As a result, it is logical to divide these into subgroups so that their research may be carried out more efficiently. This is how the concept of classification emerges.
The Periodic Table’s History
Before we begin discussing the history of the contemporary periodic table, we should first become acquainted with the term periodic table.
What exactly is a Periodic Table?
A periodic table is simply a table in which elements are arranged randomly or in a predefined order.
The periodic table is essentially a table in which elements are ordered according to their atomic number. Elements with comparable chemical characteristics are grouped together in the same vertical column. The periodic table groups are the vertical columns.
Doberiener Triads
Johann Dobereiner, a German scientist, was the first to notice parallels in the properties of the elements in 1800. He discovered that groupings of three elements (triads) exhibit comparable chemical and physical properties. The atomic weight of the middle element in each group was half of the sum of the atomic weights of the other two elements. The properties of the middle element were also located in the centre of both elements. Dobereiner referred to this manner of grouping as the law of triads. Later, it was discovered that this law did not apply to every element, and hence it was not successful.
Newland’s law of Octaves
Following the failure of Doberiener’s triad in 1865, the English chemist John Alexander Newlands proposed the law of octaves. Elements, he claims, can be organised in ascending order of their atomic weights. He further stated that in this arrangement, every eighth element of a row had comparable qualities to the first element of the same row, depicting musical octaves. This law was similarly rejected since it only applied to elements up to calcium.
Mendeleev Periodic Table
The true development of the periodic table occurred after Mendeleev’s periodic table. He established the law that “the properties of an element are a periodic function of their atomic masses.” In the order of atomic weights, he placed elements in periods (horizontal rows) and groups (vertical columns). The vertical column is made from pieces with comparable attributes.
Mendeleev’s Periodic Table’s Limitations
1.It did not give a good picture of the atom’s structure.
2.The order of atomic weight was flipped multiple times in order to arrange elements in a group.
3.The discovery of new elements and their subsequent addition to the periodic table continue to disclose additional periodicity aspects.
The Prout Hypothesis
Prout’s Hypothesis was the first to be proposed. In 1815, hydrogen was proposed as the “central” element from which all other atoms were formed.
The Atomic Volume Curve of Lother Meyer
The law was passed in 1869 and expressed the existing elements in the form of a curve between the element’s atomic mass and atomic volume. According to this hypothesis, Lother reasoned that all elements with the same qualities ended up occupying the same place on the curve.
Conclusion
The physical and chemical properties of elements are periodic functions of their atomic numbers, according to this theory. The elements are arranged in order of their atomic numbers, so that elements with comparable properties are grouped together in the same column. Is arranged according to electron configuration.
