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Magnetism acts on the region surrounding a magnetic material or a moving electric charge in which the force of magnetism is present, known as the magnetic field. An observable magnetic field is a vector field that exists in the vicinity of a magnet, an electric current, or a changing electric field, and in which magnetic forces may be detected. Magnetic fields are formed by the movement of electric charges and the intrinsic magnetic moments of basic particles, which are coupled with a fundamental quantum feature known as spin, to produce a magnetic field. In addition to being interconnected, the magnetic field and electric field are both components of the electromagnetic force, which is one of the four fundamental forces of nature.
History Of Magnetic Field
It was in 1269 that the French scholar Petrus Peregrinus de Maricourt used iron needles to map out the magnetic field on the surface of a spherical magnet, which marked the beginning of the study of magnetic fields. Upon closer inspection, he discovered that the resulting field lines overlapped at two spots. These points were referred to as “poles” by him. His conclusion was based on this observation, and he asserted that magnets always contain North and South poles, regardless of how finely they are cut.
William Gilbert, writing three centuries later, asserted that the Earth is a magnet.
According to John Mitchell, an English clergyman and philosopher who lived in the 18th century, magnetic poles attract and repel each other.
In 1785, Charles-Augustin de Coulomb conducted an experiment to confirm the existence of the Earth’s magnetic field. Simeon Denis Poisson, a French mathematician and geometer who lived throughout the nineteenth century, developed the first model of the magnetic field, which he published in 1824.
By the 19th century, new insights had refined and challenged previously held beliefs and theories alike.
Hans Christian Oersted, a Danish scientist and chemist who lived in the nineteenth century, discovered that an electric current generates a magnetic field around it.
André-Marie Ampère suggested a model of magnetism in 1825, in which the force of magnetism was attributed to continually flowing loops of current, rather than dipoles of magnetic charge, as the source of the force.
Faraday, an English physicist who lived in the nineteenth century, demonstrated that a changing magnetic field generates an electric field. It was via this process that he discovered electromagnetic induction.
Theoretical theories of electricity and magnetism were presented by James Clerk Maxwell between 1861 and 1865.
Definition Of Magnetic Field
The magnetic field is defined as the area surrounding a magnet in which there is a magnetic force acting upon it. Magnetic fields are formed when electric charges are moved. Magnetic flux lines are used to visualise magnetic fields. The direction of the magnetic field is always represented by the magnetic flux lines, which always point in the same direction. The strength of a magnet is determined by the distance between magnetic flux lines in the magnet. The stronger the magnet is, the closer the flux lines are to each other in the first place. The greater the distance between them, the weaker they are. Placing iron filings over a magnet allows you to watch the flux lines in action. The iron filings are moving and arranging themselves into lines. Other particles that come into contact with magnetic fields get power as a result of this interaction.
Gravitational Field
A gravitational field is a model that is used to explain the effects that a large body has on the space around it, resulting in a force on another heavy body when it expands into the space around itself. Accordingly, gravitational fields are employed to describe gravitational processes, and their strengths are measured in newtons per kilogramme (N/kg) of mass. Gravity was originally thought of as a force acting between two point masses. According to Isaac Newton, Pierre-Simon Laplace attempted to characterise gravity as some kind of radiation field or fluid, and since the 19th century, explanations of gravity have typically been taught in terms of a field model, rather than an attraction between two points.
In a field model, rather than two particles being attracted to one another, the particles alter spacetime as a result of their mass, and this distortion is what is seen and measured as “force.” In such a paradigm, one asserts that matter behaves in specific ways in response to the curvature of spacetime, and that there is either no gravitational force or that gravity is a fake force, depending on the viewpoint.
Unlike other forces, gravity is bound by the equivalence principle, which distinguishes it from the others.
SI Unit Of Magnetic Field
In general, the magnetic field can be characterised in a variety of precise ways depending on how it affects the environment it exists in. As a result, we have two fields the B-field and the H-field. A B-field is a magnetic field characterised by the force it exerts on a moving charged particle, whereas an H-field is similar to a B-field except that it occurs when the charged particle is contained within a material. They are, however, quantified in a different way.
In the International System of Units, B is measured in teslas, which is denoted by the letter T.
The H-field, on the other hand, is measured in amperes per metre (A/m).
Conclusion
Magnetism acts on the region surrounding a magnetic material or a moving electric charge in which the force of magnetism is present, known as the magnetic field.The magnetic field is defined as the area surrounding a magnet in which there is a magnetic force acting upon it.In physics, a gravitational field is a model that is used to explain the effects that a large body has on the space around it, resulting in a force on another heavy body when it expands into the space around itself.
