Open and Closed Circulatory Systems

The circulatory system, when combined with the cardiovascular system, helps the body fight sickness, maintain a normal body temperature, and provide the proper chemical balance for the body to achieve homeostasis, or a state of balance among all of its systems.

The circulatory system distributes nutrition, breathing gases, and metabolic products throughout a live organism, allowing tissues to communicate with one another. The intake of metabolic materials, the conveyance throughout the organism, and the return of dangerous by-products to the environment are all part of the circulatory process.

Although many invertebrates have an open system, in which fluid circulates more or less freely throughout the tissues or designated sections of tissue, animals have a wide diversity of liquids, cells, and mechanisms of circulation. However, all vertebrates have a closed system, which means their circulatory system transports fluid through a complex network of vessels. Both the fluid components and the vessels through which they flow reach their greatest elaboration and specialisation in mammalian systems, and particularly in the human body; this system contains two fluids, blood and lymph, and functions through two interacting modes of circulation, the cardiovascular system and the lymphatic system; both the fluid components and the vessels through which they flow reach their greatest elaboration and specialisation in mammalian systems and, particularly, in the human body.

Open circulatory system

Most arthropods and mollusks have open circulatory systems. They have a heart that pumps blood into a blood vessel called a hemocoel. The blood then returns to the blood arteries via diffusing. Blood tends to envelop tissues, and blood circulates easily throughout the body’s tissues. Blood tends to be sluggish in this type of circulatory system because it is diffusing rather than being pumped through vessels quickly.

Blood does not have to travel far in animals with an open circulatory system because they are little organisms. The metabolisms of these animals are usually slow. They don’t require much in the way of energy or immune protection.

Close circulatory system

It is the type of system that people have, the closed circulatory system may be of particular interest to you. A closed circulatory system is more structured and controlled than an open circulatory system. A closed system’s blood always flows through vessels. The plumbing circuit of the body is made up of several vessels, which may be found all over the body. The arteries, capillaries, and veins are the three types of vessels or tubes that transport blood throughout the body in this plumbing system.

Differences Between Open and Closed Circulatory System

The open and closed circulatory systems transport materials and a fluid from one portion of the body to another. In the open circulatory system, this fluid is haemolymph; in the closed circulatory system, it is blood. The heart is the pumping mechanism in both circulatory systems. The main difference between an open and closed circulatory system is that in an open circulatory system, tissues come into direct contact with the haemolymph during the exchange of materials, whereas in a closed circulatory system, blood does not come into direct contact with tissues during the exchange of materials.

1. Lacunae and sinuses are open gaps in the open circulatory system, whereas arteries and veins are closed blood vessels in the closed circulatory system.
2. The fluid moving through the open circulatory system is known as hemolymph, whereas the fluid flowing through the closed circulatory system is known as blood.
3. In the open circulatory system, hemolymph flow is slow, but blood flow is fast in the closed circulatory system.
4. The dorsal blood vessel is present in the open circulatory system, whereas the closed circulatory system has both dorsal and ventral blood vessels.
5. The open circulatory system lacks a capillary system, whereas the closed circulatory system has one.
6. There is a direct exchange of nutrients between the hemolymph and the tissues in the open circulatory system. Nutrients, on the other hand, are exchanged in the closed circulatory system through tissue fluid.
7. The circulatory systems of Mollusca and Arthropoda are open, whereas Annelida and Vertebrata are closed.

Advantages of closed circulatory system

It is more efficient to use a closed circulatory system. Further, the circulation pace increases, allowing more oxygen to reach high-demand tissues such as muscular tissues, allowing them to perform faster actions. Animals having an open circulatory system, with the exception of insects, are generally slower and have a lower metabolic rate.

Conclusion

The open and closed circulatory systems differ in many ways, they both perform the same functions in terms of nutrient delivery and fluid flow. Hemolymph is the flowing fluid in an open circulatory system, and there are no closed blood vessels, whereas blood is the flowing fluid inside arteries and veins in a closed circulatory system.

The primary function of any circulatory system in an organism is to transport oxygen and nutrients to various organs and tissues while also removing waste. The lymphatic system (for circulating lymph) is part of the circulatory system, and its transit is significantly slower than that of blood.