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Introduction: Angiosperms are frequently referred to as “flowering plants.” The term angiosperms comes from the Greek (angeion=vessel, sperma=seeds), and it refers to one of the most evolved groups of Spermatophyta. They are seed-bearing vascular plants with ovules encased within the ovary wall. Taxonomy is one of Botany’s earliest branches. The de Candolle invented this word in 1813. Taxonomy is the branch of biology concerned with the identification, name, and categorization of plants. This is frequently referred to as systematic botany.
- Which of the following statements concerning the haplontic life cycle is incorrect?
a) Gametophytes are the major phase of this life cycle b) Sporophytes are free-living
c) Spores are naturally haploid and divide mitotically to generate gametophytes
d) Zygote acts as sporophyte
The answer is option b
Explanation: In this life cycle, gametophytes are the main phase. Sporophytes do not have a free will. Spores are haploid in nature and divide mitotically to generate gametophytes. Zygote functions as a Sporophyte, producing spores.
- Which of the following life cycles is most appropriate for Chlamydomonas ?
a) Haplontic
b) Diplontic
c) Triplontic
d) Haplo-diplontic
The answer is option a
Explanation: Chlamydomanas possesses a haplontic life cycle, in which the gametophyte is the dominant phase. Sporophyte has no autonomous existence during this life cycle. The haploid spores produced divide mitotically to form the Gametophyte.
- Which of the following statements concerning the diplontic life cycle is incorrect?
a) Sporophyte is the dominant phase
b) All spermatophytes have a diplontic life cycle
c) Sporophyte is dependent on Gametophyte for food
d) Sporophyte is dependent on Gametophyte for food
The answer is option c
Answer: c Explanation: The dominating phase is the sporophyte. The life cycle of all spermatophytes is diplontic. The Sporophyte is dependent on the Gametophyte. Sporophytes exist independently and are capable of photosynthesis, which enables them to produce their own sustenance.
- Which of the following life cycles does a rose plant exhibit?
a) Haplontic
b) Diplontic
c) Triplontic
The answer is option b
Explanation: The rose plant is classified as an Angiosperm. All angiosperms and gymnosperms have a diplontic life cycle, which means that the main phase is the sporophyte, which exists independently.
- Gametophytes in diplontic plants can be heterotrophic, autotrophic, or saprophytic.
A) True
b) False
The answer is option a
Explanation: Gametophytes in diplontic plants can be heterotrophic, autotrophic, or saprophytic. For instance, few blooms of angiosperms are capable of photosynthesis, while others are carnivorous, such as drosera and nepenthes, and still others are saprophytic, such as Broomrape.
- Which of the following statements concerning the Haplo-diplontic life cycle is incorrect?
a) Both the sporophytic and gametophytic phases of this life cycle are equivalent in duration.
b) Both the sporophytic and gametophytic phases are multicellular and exist independently.
c) Pteridophytes and Bryophytes exhibit this type of life cycle.
d) Ectocarpus exhibits a haplo-diplontic life cycle.
The answer is option d
Explanation: Both the sporophytic and gametophytic phases of this life cycle are multicellular and exist independently. The primary periods of its life cycle are distinct. Pteridophytes and Bryophytes both exhibit this type of life cycle. Ectocarpus’s life cycle is haplodiplontic.
- Mitosis occurs in haploid cells and meiosis occurs in diploid cells to generate the plant body.
a) True
b) False
The answer is option b
Answer: b Explanation: Mitosis occurs in both haploid and diploid cells to create plant bodies. As a result, either haploid or diploid plant bodies are formed. The haploid plant body is referred to as a gametophyte, whereas the diploid plant body is referred to as a Sporophyte.
- Fucus exhibits which of the following life cycles?
a) Diplontic
b) Haplontic
c) Triplolntic
d) Haplo-diplontic
The answer is option a
Explanation: The majority of algae are haplontic, whereas a few are diplontic. Fucus is one of these alagae that exhibits diplontic activity, in which the sporophyte is the dominant phase.
- Which of the following life cycles does Polysiphonia exhibit?
a) Diplontic
b) Haplontic
c) Triplolntic
d) Haplo-diplontic
The answer is option b
Answer: b Explanation: The majority of algae are haplontic, although a few are diplontic. Polysiphonia, Ectocarpus, and kelps are a few examples of algae that have a haplontic life cycle, in which the gametophyte is the dominant phase.
- Which of the following statements is incorrect?
a) In bryophytes, the dominant phase is the haploid gametophyte.
b) In Volvox, the dominant phase is haploid gametophyte.
c) In Spirogyra, the dominant phase is the diploid Sporophyte.
d) In Papaya, the dominant phase is haploid gametophyte.
The answer is option c
Explanation: In bryophytes and volvox, the dominant phase is the haploid gametophyte. Additionally, the diploid Sporophyte is the dominant phase in Spirogyra. In Pappaya, the main phase is haploid gametophyte.
- Which of the following families has trimerous blooms, superior and trilocular ovary, and placentation in the axis?
a) Cucurbitaceae
b) Family Solanaceae
c) Liliaceae
d) Compositae
The answer is: (c)
- The solanaceae family’s fruits are
a) Capsule or berry
b) pod
c) Drupe
d) Siliqua
The answer is: (a)
- Which of the following families does Abelmoschus esculentus belong to?
a) Brassicaceae
b) Malvaceae
c) Liliaceae
d) Cucurbitaceae
The answer is: (b)
- Which of the following statements about Fabaceae is incorrect?
(a) Actinomorphic floral arrangement
(b) Superior monocarpellary ovary
(c) Aestivation of the vexilla
d) Fruit of legumes
The answer is: (a)
- The tetradynamous stamen is a distinguishing property of
a) Crassulaceae
b) Malvaceae
(c) Family Solanaceae
d) Liliaceae
The answer is: (a)
- Obligately positioned superior ovary is a defining feature of
a) Family Fabaceae
b) Brassicaceae
(c) Family Solanaceae
d) Compositae
The answer is: (c)
- Which of the following inflorescences best describes Compositae?
a) Hypanthodium
b) Capitulum
(c) Idiosyncrasy
d) The perianth
The answer is: (b)
- Stamens with diadelphous filaments are seen in
a) Family Fabaceae
b) Family Ranunculaceae
c) Malvaceae
(d) Family Poaceae
The answer is: (a)
- A floral formula does not provide information regarding
(a) location of the ovary
(b) floral component whorls
(c) the total number of floral components
(d) aestivation and placentation
The answer is: (d)
