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The thyroid gland is a ductless endocrine gland that is located at the front of the neck. Its form is similar to that of a butterfly. This is also one among the largest endocrine glands, weighing on average between 25 and 30 grams. On either side of trachea, this gland comprises two lobes, each measuring 4–6 cm in length and 1.3–1.8 cm in breadth.
The thyroid gland’s major purpose is to secrete two hormones which are Triiodothyronine (T3) hormone and Thyroxine hormone (T4). T3 and T4 hormones both play a vital function in the body, affecting practically every tissue.
Q1. Which of the following are the 2 main hormones secreted by the Thyroid gland?
a) T3
b) T4
c) None of the above
d) Both A and B
Answer. Both A and B are the correct answer.
Iodine from meals is used by the thyroid gland to produce two primary hormones which are Triiodothyronine (T3) and Thyroxine (T4). Because the human body cannot generate iodine, it must be consumed, particularly through our diet. The hormones produced by the thyroid gland play an important function in children’s brain development.
Q2. Excess release of thyroid hormone in body causes the:
a) Hypothyroidism
b) Goitre
c) Hyperthyroidism
d) None of the above
Answer. Hyperthyroidism is the correct answer.
When the thyroid gland generates too much of the hormone thyroxine, then hyperthyroidism is developed. Hyperthyroidism causes your body’s metabolism to speed up, resulting in unexpected weight loss and a fast or irregular heartbeat.
Q3. Which of the following is/are the symptoms of release of excess of T3 and T4 hormones?
a) Anxiety
b) Hair loss
c) Nervousness
d) All of the above
Answer. All the above is the right answer.
Anxiety, moodiness or irritability, hyperactivity, nervousness, perspiration or sensitivity to extreme temperatures, hand tremor (shaking), hair loss, and skipped or light menstrual periods are all symptoms of too much or excess T3 and T4 in the body.
Q4. Which of the following disease is caused due to the deficiency of the iodine?
a) Solitary Thyroid Nodules
b) Thyroid Cancer
c) Goitre
d) None of these.
Answer. Goitre is the right answer.
Iodine deficiency is one of the most common causes of goitre, however it has been greatly alleviated by numerous approaches in recent decades. The gland must obtain enough iodine from the blood in order to produce hormones.
Q5. Which of the following is/are the symptoms of the Hypothyroidism?
a) Dry Skin and Dry Hair
b) Joint and Muscle Pain
c) Depression
d) All the above
Answer. All the above is the correct answer.
Hypothyroidism is a disorder where your thyroid gland produces insufficient amounts of certain hormones. Trouble sleeping, exhaustion and lethargy, difficulty focusing, dry hair and skin, sensitivity to cold temperatures, heavy periods, depression, frequent, joint and muscular pain are all symptoms which may indicate hypothyroidism.
Q6. An autoimmune disease of thyroid tissue is referred to as
a) Graves’ Disease
b) Thyroid cancer
c) Thyroiditis
d) None of these
Answer. Graves’ Disease is the right answer.
An overactive thyroid can be caused by a variety of factors. Graves’ disease, an autoimmune illness of thyroid tissue, is a common cause. Graves’ illness has a wide range of signs and symptoms because thyroid hormones affect several different body systems.
Q7. Which of the following of chronic inflammation of thyroid that led to under activity?
a) Goitre
b) Hypothyroidism
c) Thyroiditis
d) Hyperthyroidism
Answer. Thyroiditis is the correct answer.
Underactivity can also be caused by Hashimoto’s thyroiditis, a persistent inflammation of thyroid gland. Thyroiditis is the inflammation or swelling of the thyroid gland, which can result in excessive or insufficient thyroid hormone production. Thyroid hormone production might also be affected by using certain drugs.
Q8. Which of the following are the functions of the thyroid gland inside the body?
a) Maintain Internal Homeostasis
b) Controls Metabolism
c) Controls Heart Rate and Breathing
d) All of the above
All the above is the correct answer.
It aids in the regulation of our body’s metabolism. It secretes hormones that keep our bodies in a state of balance. Our respiration and heart rate are both controlled by it. The thyroid gland keeps track of the weight. The hormones secreted by the thyroid gland also help to regulate body temperature and cholesterol levels.
Q9. Which gland basically regulates and controls the actual activity of thyroid?
a) Pituitary gland
b) Hypothalamus
c) Both A and B
d) Only B
Answer. Both A and B are the correct answer.
The hypothalamus and pituitary gland are the key regulators of the thyroid’s actual activity.
Q10. Which of the following conditions marked by the low TSH?
a) Hypothyroidism
b) Goitre
c) Hyperthyroidism
d) Thyroid Cancer
Answer. Hyperthyroidism is the right answer.
Patients with hyperthyroidism have low level of TSH. Hyperthyroidism is a condition that arises when the thyroid gland produces too many thyroid hormones.
Q11. Which of these diseases is not related to thyroid glands?
a) Cretinism
b) Goitre
c) Myxoedema
d) Acromegaly
Answer. Acromegaly is the right answer.
Acromegaly is a hormonal condition that occurs when the pituitary gland produces excess growth hormone in maturity.
Q12. Medications for the Hypothyroidism involve treatment which
a) Replaces Insulin
b) Replaces TH
c) Replaces ADH
d) Replaces Surfactant
Answer. Replacing TH is the right answer.
Medications for Hypothyroidism involve treatment which Replaces TH. Hypothyroidism is a medical word for a thyroid gland that is underactive. It indicates the thyroid isn’t producing enough hormones to maintain the body’s cells functioning properly.
Q13. The 4 small glands in thyroid gland are considered as
a) Pineal Gland
b) Adrenal Gland
c) Exocrine and Endocrine Gland
d) Parathyroid Gland
Answer. Parathyroid Gland is the right answer.
4 small endocrine structures are found behind thyroid gland in parathyroid glands. It regulates the metabolism of calcium and phosphorus. These 4 masses of tissue blend seamlessly with thyroid and are frequently implanted in it.
