MCQ on Pteridophyta

In the past, the Pteridophytes were a major portion of the world’s vegetation (Two hundred eighty to two hundred thirty million years ago). They are only second to the spermatophytes in today’s flora, excluding non-vascular plants. Despite the fact that spermatophytes have mostly supplanted them in the present flora, they still play a significant and crucial role in the evolution of the plant kingdom. Despite their small numbers, pteridophytes add a unique appeal and physiognomy to the lifestyle. Below there are important MCQs related to the topic – The pteridophytes.

1. Pteridophytes are used for 

a) As ornamentals

b) As soil binders

c) Medicinal purposes

d) All of these.

Answer: c)As medicinal purposes, because pteridophytes from third party distinct families have been studied for their therapeutic properties. Earlier research has showm that the lycophyte Selaginella sp. has multiple pharmacological properties, including antioxidant , anti-imflammatory , anti – career, antidiabetic, anti viral , antimicrobial, and anti- Alzheimer properties.

2. A plant that produces spores, lacks seeds, and has vascular tissue belongs in which of the following group?

a) Bryophyte

b) Gymnosperm

c) Algae

d) Pteridophyte

Answer: d) Pteridophyte, because Pteridophyta is a group of non-seed forming, vascular cryptogams, which means they have vascular tissues for mineral and water transport but don’t generate seeds.For instance, Adiantum and Selaginella. Pteridophyta is a mature plant with well-developed vascular tissues that can thrive on land. They do not have seeds, however, and reproduce by spores. Pteridophytes are the simplest vascular plants, with no flowers or seeds and a simple reproductive mechanism. Pteridophytes evolved a xylem and phloem system to transfer fluids, allowing them to reach greater heights than their avascular forebears.

3. Reduction division occurs in

a) Spores are formed

b) Prothallus is formed.

c) Sex organs are formed.

d) Gametes are formed.

Answer: a) Spores are formed, because sporangia can be seen on the underside of the fronds of ferns. sporogenous cells, which produce spores, are found within the sporangia. Meiosis occurs in these cells, resulting in haploid spores. Most ferns have spores that are the same size and serve the same purpose. Be a result, ferns are referred to as homosporous plants.

4. Pteridophytes and bryophytes differ in having

a) Vascular tissue

b) Conducting system

c) Archegonia

d) Separate gametophytes

Answer: a) Vascular tissue, because Bryophyta: 

• The main plant body is haploid and a gametophyte
• There are no true roots or leaves
• There is no vascular tissue
• A long-necked archegonia with six vertical rows of cells
• The sporophyte is a capsular organism that is completely reliant on the gametophyte
• The main plant body is a sporophyte and diploid in Pteridophyta
• There are true roots and leaves
• There is vascular tissue present
• Archegonia with four vertical rows of cells and a short neck
• The sporophyte has roots, stems, and leaves and is initially reliant on the gametophyte

5. Which of the following factors is thought to be important in the formation of a seed habit?

a) Dependant sporophyte

b) free- living gametophyte.

c) haplontic life cycle

d) heterospory

Answer: d) heterospory, because the establishment of heterospory, or the creation of two types of spores, is critical for seed habit development. Smaller male spores, known as microspores, and larger female spores, known as megaspores, are the two varieties of spores. Male and female gametophytes are formed by two separate types of spores. The development of seed habitat is one of the most fundamental advantages of heterospory. Male and female gametes are produced in the same prothallus in homosporous plants. As a result, the likelihood of fertilising an egg with sperm from the same prothallus is extremely high.

6. In the gametophytic phase, the sporophytic and gametophytic phases are separate.

a) Phaeophytes

b) Gymnosperms

c) Bryophytes

d) Pteridophytes

Answer: d) Pteridophytes,because the major plant body in pteridophytes is a sporophyte that is differentiated into true root, stem, and leaves, and the gametophyte is small or inconspicuous and usually independent.

7. Club moss belongs to

a) Algae

b) Bryophyta

c) Fungi

d) Pteridophyta

Answer: d) Pteridophyta, because Ferns, club mosses, and horsetails are the three types of pteridophytes. The club mosses (division Lycophyta) have been reduced to a few centimetres in height. Their leaves are tiny and scale-like, resembling moss-like leaf structures. In some temperate coniferous and deciduous forests, club mosses of the genus Lycopodium, sometimes known as ground pine, produce a lovely ground cover. lower vascular plant, originally pteridophyte, any spore-bearing vascular plant, such as ferns, club mosses, spike mosses, quillworts, horsetails, and whisk ferns, also known as vascular cryptogam.

8. Phloem is without_______ in pteridophytes,

a) Sieve cells

b) Phloem parenchyma

c) Companion cells

d) Bast fibres.

Answer: c) Companion cells, because Pteridophytes are vascular, spore-forming, non-flowering plants that do not produce seeds. Companion cells do not exist in the phloem of pteridophytes. The presence of partner cells in angiosperm phloem is a distinguishing feature. Companion cells, along with the sieve tube and phloem parenchyma of the phloem, are living cells in angiosperms. Phloem in pteridophytes and gymnosperms does not have a partner cell. Companion cells aid in the loading and unloading of assimilates in source and sink tissue. A growing role for the phloem in the long-distance transport of peptides, proteins, and RNAs that act as signalling molecules is emerging, in addition to delivering assimilates and minerals across the plants.

9. This species lacks seeds, however it does have vascular tissues and generates spores.

a) gymnosperms

b) angiosperms

c) bryophyte

d) pteridophyta

Answer: d) pteridophyta, Pteridophytes were the first to have vascular tissues discovered. They do not, however, have vessels or partner cells.Vascular cells, such as companion cells, are a type of vascular cell. Companion cells supply energy to cells in order for them to move about. As a result of the introduction of these vessels, plant water transport capacity as well as food transport capacity has substantially enhanced. As a result, they have opened the path for plant evolution and improvement.

10. Which of these is a member of vascular cryptogams?

a) Bryophyte

b) Pteridophyta

c) Gymnosperms

d) Angiosperms

Answer: b) pteridophyta, because a pteridophyte is a vascular plant that disperses spores and has xylem and phloem. Pteridophytes are frequently referred to as “cryptogams,” meaning that their mechanisms of reproduction are hidden, because they do not produce blooms or seeds. Pteridophytes (ferns and fern relatives) are spore-dispersing vascular plants. Because they don’t produce seeds or blossoms, they’re sometimes referred to as cryptograms. Their technique of reproduction is hidden or concealed. As a result, the name. Lycophytes, ferns, horsetails, and other pteridophytes are examples.