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MCQ on Manures and Fertilisers

MCQs on manure and fertilisers.

Manure is an organic substance used to fertilise soil that is generally made up of the faeces and urine of domestic animals, together with or without litter such as straw, hay, or bedding. Fertiliser is a natural or synthetic material that contains chemical ingredients that help plants grow and produce more. Fertilisers may boost the soil’s inherent fertility or restore chemical ingredients depleted by earlier crops. When other conditions (such as light, moisture, temperature, and soil structure) are favourable, soil fertility refers to the ability of a soil to deliver chemicals in sufficient numbers and in the appropriate balance to encourage plant development.
  1. What is a primary source of worry in our current lifestyles?
  2. a) Inflation 
  3. b) Poverty 
  4. c) Illiteracy 
  5. d) Environmental Pollution 
Answer: d  Explanation: d Environmental contamination is a key source of worry in our modern lives. To fulfil the ever-increasing demand for agricultural products, chemical fertilisers have played a key role in pollution.  
  1. Why is it necessary to transition to organic farming?
  2. a) Increasing poverty 
  3. b) Increasing road accidents 
  4. c) Increasing environmental pollution 
  5. d) Increasing population 
Answer: c  Explanation: There are several issues linked with the misuse of chemical fertilisers, including environmental contamination, soil pollution, and thermal pollution, among others. As a result, there is a lot of push to move to organic farming, which includes using bioresources such as recycled bio-fertilizers.  
  1. Which of the following does not belong in the category of manure?
  2. a) Farmyard manure 
  3. b) Compost manure 
  4. c) Platinum manure 
  5. d) Green manure 
Answer: c  Explanation: Manure is a semi-decayed organic matter that is applied to the soil to help it retain its fertility, crumb structure, aeration, and moisture. Farmyard manure, compost manure, and green manure are the three most frequent forms of manure found on farms.  
  1. Which of the following does not qualify as a bio-fertilizer??
  2. a) Bacteria 
  3. b) Algae 
  4. c) Cyanobacteria 
  5. d) Fungi 
   Answer: b  Explanation: Bio fertilisers are organisms that improve the soil’s nutrient quality. Bacteria, fungus, and cyanobacteria are the most common bio-fertilizers.  
  1. Rhizobium is a nitrogen-fixing bacteria that lives in the soil.
  2. a) True 
  3. b) False 
Answer: b  Explanation: Some leguminous plants have nodules on their roots that are in a symbiotic relationship with Rhizobium. These bacteria convert nitrogen from the atmosphere into organic forms that the plant may utilise as a nutrition.
  1. Which of the following is not a nitrogen-fixing bacterium that lives on its own?
  2. a) Azotobacter 
  3. b) Clostridium 
  4. c) Klebsiella 
  5. d) Xanthomonas 
Answer: d  Explanation: Azotobacter, Clostridium, Klebsiella, and Beijerinckia are examples of free-living nitrogen-fixing bacteria. Some of the symbiotic Nitrogen-fixing bacteria include Rhizobium, Xanthomonas, and Frankia.
  1. Which of the following bacteria fixes nitrogen in an aerobic manner?
  2. a) Azotobacter 
  3. b) Clostridium 
  4. c) Rhodospirillum 
  5. d) Rhodopseudomonas 
Answer: a  Explanation: Azotobacter and Beijerinckia are two aerobic nitrogen-fixing bacteria. Clostridium, Rhodospirillum, and Rhodopseudomonas are examples of anaerobic nitrogen-fixing bacteria. Exudation and the production of nitrates following their death and decomposition enrich the soil.  
  1. Which of the following microorganisms is unable to fix nitrogen from the atmosphere?
  2. a) Nostoc 
  3. b) Anabaena 
  4. c) Oscillatoria 
  5. d) Lactobacillus 
Answer: d  Explanation: Answer: d Cyanobacteria are autotrophic microorganisms found in both aquatic and terrestrial habitats, many of which, including Nostoc, Anabaena, and Oscillatoria, can fix atmospheric nitrogen.  
  1. Which of the following elements must be present for nitrogen fixing to occur?
  2. a) Phosphorus 
  3. b) Carbon 
  4. c) Silver 
  5. d) Oxygen 
Answer: a  Explanation: Nitrogen fixation requires the presence of phosphorus. Plants that contain symbiotic bacteria have more protein. There is no need for additional nitrogen fertiliser.   10.Which of the following assertions about mycorrhiza is false?
  1. a) genus Glomus members forms mycorrhiza 
  2. b) Nitrogen is absorbed by the fungal symbiont.
  3. c) Plants display resilience to diseases that attack the roots.
  4. d) Plant growth and development are on the rise in general.
Answer: b  Explanation: Fungi and mycorrhizal plants are known to create symbiotic relationships.  Many members of the Glomus genus produce mycorrhizae. Phosphorus is absorbed from the soil by the fungal symbiont and passed on to the plant. Plants with such relationships have increased root-borne disease resistance as well as overall plant growth and development.  
  1. What does VAM stand for in full?
  2. a) Vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhiza 
  3. b) Venom Azolla mycorrhiza 
  4. c) Venom-arbuscular mycorrhiza 
  5. d) Vesicular-azollae mycorrhiza 
Answer: a  Explanation: Vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhiza is a kind of mycorrhiza. The fungus transmits its hyphal projections into cells as vesicles and arbuscules in this kind of endomycorrhiza (branched masses).  
  1. Cyanobacteria are an essential bio-fertilizer in paddy fields.
  2. a) True 
  3. b) False 
Answer: a  Explanation: Cyanobacteria serve as a significant biofertilizer in rice fields, enhancing soil fertility and contributing organic matter. They may also be linked to the roots of taller plants to boost their effectiveness.  
  1. Which of the following crops does not have a smoother texture?
  2. a) Soybean 
  3. b) Alfalfa 
  4. c) Rye 
  5. d) Wheat 
Answer: d  Explanation: Smoother crops prevent weeds from growing. Sunflower, Soybean, Alfalfa, Barley, Rye, Sorghum, and Sweet Clover are just a few examples. Weeds are kept at bay by rotating with smoother crops.  
  1. Which crop is genetically modified?
  2. a)   tobacco 
  3. b)   Pomatto 
  4. c)   banana 
  5. d)   apple 
Answer: a  Explanation: Smoother crops, pest and herbicide resistance are all genes found in transgenic crops. Transgenic tomato (against Hornworm larvae) and tobacco are two examples (against herbicides).  
  1. What are bio-insecticides and how do they work?
  2. a) Insects 
  3. b) Living organisms that kill specific insects 
  4. c) Insects that kill other big insects 
  5. d) Fungi 
Answer: b  Explanation: b Living organisms or their products that may kill or repel certain insects are known as bio-insecticides. Lady Bird, Bacillus thuringiensis, and other bacteria are examples.