MCQ on Indigestion

Indigestion is also called dyspepsia. It  refers to an uncomfortable pain in the stomach or chest that usually occurs after eating or drinking something. It is also described as the discomfort in the upper abdominal part of the abdomen. The other symptoms of the condition include feeling full and bloated, feeling nauseous, belching and heartburn. 

1. The small intestine has three parts. The first part is called
(a) Duodenum
(b) Oesophagus
(c) Larynx
(d) None of the above

Answer: (a) Duodenum

Explanation:

The small intestine consists of  three  major parts. The first part is called the duodenum. The second part is  jejunum and the end part is ileum. 

2. ________ is a characteristic feature of epithelial cells of the intestine
(a) Glottis
(b) Pilus
(c) Bolus
(d) Microvilli

Answer: (d) Microvilli

Explanation: 

Microvilli is a peculiar feature of the intestine. It’s main function is to increase the intestinal surface area for absorption.

3. An infant feeding entirely on the mother’s milk passes stools that are colored yellow. What is the reason for this?
(a) Casein
(b) Bile pigments
(c) Pancreatic pigments
(d) None of the above

Answer: (b) Bile pigments

Explanation:

The yellow colour of the stools is because of bile pigments. These Bile pigments are actually  the excretory products, which are produced by the liver and stored in the gallbladder and secreted into the duodenum.

4. A dental condition that is characterized by hyper mineralization of teeth enamel due to excessive intake of _____________. The teeth often appear mottled.
(a) Sodium
(b) Calcium
(c) Fluoride
(d) Mercury

Answer: (c) Fluoride

Explanation:

Dental fluorosis is a dental disease. It is characterized by hypomineralization of tooth enamel caused by excessive intake of  fluoride during enamel formation.

5. Spicy food, coupled with anxiety, may lead to ________
(a) Indigestion
(b) Hypotension
(c) Seizures
(d) None of the above

Answer: (a) Indigestion

Explanation:

Anxiety and eating spicy food together leads to Diarrhoea, Vomiting and Indigestion.

6. A major cause why some people cough after eating a meal may be due to the improper movement of ______.
(a) Larynx
(b) Diaphragm
(c) Neck
(d) Epiglottis

Answer: (d) Epiglottis

Explanation:

It might be due to improper movement of the esophagus. Thus it causes the individual to cough.

7. ____________ is a protein deficiency disorder
(a) Scurvy
(b) Anaemia
(c) Kwashiorkor
(d) None of the above

Answer: (c) Kwashiorkor

Explanation:

Kwashiorkor is also known as edematous malnutrition.  It is a type of  malnutrition caused by a lack of protein in the diet.

8. In frogs, the surface of the attachment for the tongue is _____.
(a) Tympanum
(b) Palate
(c) Pterygoid
(d) Hyoid apparatus

Answer: (d) Hyoid apparatus

Explanation:

The main part of the hyoid apparatus is a broad, flat, and squarish plate, also called a bilingual plate because it provides attachment and support to the tongue.

9. Doctors will suggest ___________ if a person is suffering from high blood cholesterol.
(a) Ghee
(b) Vegetable Oil
(c) Dalda
(d) Lard

Answer: (b) Vegetable Oil

Explanation:

The Doctor suggests the patient have unsaturated fats like vegetable oils. Actually, if a person is having high blood cholesterol,  the cholesterol gets deposited in the walls of arteries. Thus it causes blockage in the arteries resulting in various cardiac diseases.

10. Chymosin is also known as ______.
(a) Lipase
(b) Amylase
(c) Trypsin
(d) Rennin

Answer: (d) Rennin

Explanation:

Chymosin is also known also as rennin. It is a proteolytic enzyme produced by chief cells of the stomach. It helps in the digestion of milk.

11. Where are lacteals found in humans?
(a) Ileum
(b) Oesophagus
(c) Ear
(d) None of the above

Answer: (a) Ileum

Explanation:

Lacteals are also called lymphatic capillaries, they are found in the intestine, specifically located exclusively in intestinal villi. Whereas collecting lymphatic vessels are present in the mesentery. 

12. Nyctalopia can occur due to the deficiency of which vitamin?
(a) Vitamin A
(b) Vitamin C
(c) Vitamin K
(d) Vitamin B2

Answer: (a) Vitamin A

Explanation:

Nyctalopia can occur due to the deficiency of vitamin A.

13. Pancreatic juice is stimulated by the release of
(a) Secretin
(b) Cholecystokinin
(c) Enterokinase
(d) Both (1) and (2)

Answer: b

Explanation:

Trypsinogen is an enzyme found in the  pancreatic juice.  It is responsible for activating all the other enzymes of that juice once it is activated. So, the correct option is ‘Cholecystokinin’.

14. _________ stimulates the production of gastric juice in the stomach.
(a) Gastrin
(b) Enterokinase
(c) Rennin
(d) Digestin

Answer: (a) Gastrin

Explanation:

Gastrin is secreted by the G cells.  It stimulates the secretion of HCl and pepsinogen from the gastric glands in the stomach.

15. Enterokinase helps in the conversion of
(a) Lactose to Sucrose
(b) Trypsinogen into trypsin
(c) Pepsinogen into pepsin
(d) Proteins into polypeptide

Answer: (b) Trypsinogen into trypsin

Explanation:

Enterokinase Enzyme helps in the conversion of ‘trypsinogen into trypsin’. It secretes from the intestinal glands. Pepsin breaks down proteins into smaller peptides.

16. What is the enzyme that breaks down lactose?
(a) Lipase enzymes
(b) Pepsin
(c) Amylase
(d) Lactase

Answer: (d) Lactase

Explanation:

Lactase breaks down the lactose in food so your body can absorb it.