MCQ on Arthritis and Cancer

Arthritis is a medical illness in which the patient complains of inflammation of one or more joints in particular, which results in stiffness of the joints as well as discomfort, which only becomes worse as the patient gets older. There are several different forms of arthritis, each with its own set of causal factors. Cancer, on the other hand, is a life-threatening disorder in which abnormal cells in the body proliferate uncontrollably over time. It manifests itself if the body’s natural control mechanism ceases to work properly.

1. This represents a malignant state of the blood

(a) Uremia

(b) Chloremia

(c) Leukaemia

(d) Proteinemia

Answer: (c) Cancer that develops in blood-forming tissue, such as the bone marrow, or in immune system cells is referred to as hematologic cancer. Blood cancers include leukaemia, lymphoma, and multiple myeloma, to name a few examples. Hematologic cancer is another term for this type of malignancy.

2. A benign tumour is one that is not cancerous.

(a) Differentiated and capsulated

(b) Shows metastasis

(c) Differentiated and non capsulated

(d) Undifferentiated and non capsulated

Answer: (a) Benign tumours are not the same as malignancy. The ones that are malignant are. Benign tumours are tumours that grow solely in one location. They will not be able to spread or infiltrate other sections of your body.

3. Conduction is defined as the failure of a muscle to provide stimulating action while there is extensive consumption and retention of lactic acid.

(a) Exhaustion

(b) Tonus

(c) The inability to move.

(d) Tetanus

Answer: (a) An anaerobic metabolism, in which the body produces energy without the need of oxygen, results in the production of lactic acid as a byproduct. It has been widely believed since the discovery of lactic acid that it is responsible for muscular tiredness and tissue damage caused by the accumulation of lactic acid in the body during a strenuous workout.

4. A patient has a strong suspicion that she has breast cancer. What type of tests will a doctor do to determine whether or not someone has cancer?

(a) A blood test is performed.

(b) Mammography

(c) Computed tomography scan

(d) Pap test

Answer: (b) Mammography is a specialist medical imaging procedure in which a low-dose x-ray equipment is used to see into the breasts to detect cancer. In women, a mammography exam, often known as a mammogram, is used to aid in the detection and diagnosis of breast disorders in their early stages. An x-ray examination assists clinicians in the diagnosis and treatment of medical disorders.

5. Rheumatoid arthritis differs from several other types of arthritis in that it affects the joints.

(a) Takes place below the waistline

(b) Iis more painful than other forms

(c) Is most commonly found above the waistline.

(d) Is symmetrical in that it affects both the right and left sides of the body at the same time

Answer:  (d) Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic condition that can cause pain, swelling, and deformity. Inflammation and thickening of the tissue that lines your joints (synovial membrane) results in a buildup of fluid, which causes your joints to erode and degenerate. Inflammatory arthritis, often known as rheumatoid arthritis, is a chronic illness that affects more than just the joints of the body. 

6. Chemicals that have the potential to cause cancer are referred to as

(a) Carcinogens and the development of malignant tumours

(b) Carcinogens and the development of non-malignant tumours

(c) Mutagenic agents that do not result in the formation of malignant tumours.

(d) Substances that are mutagenic and cause benign tumours

Answer:  (a) Carcinogenesis or oncogenesis is the term used to describe the process through which normal, healthy cells turn into cancer cells. It takes a long time for a malignant tumour to develop in otherwise healthy tissue. It all starts with a single cell that has acquired malignant traits as a result of cellular DNA damage and progresses via a complex chain of events.

7. A painful disorder affecting the joints, such as arthritis Gout is caused by a number of factors.

(a) Inflammation of synovial membrane

(b)The accumulation of uric acid in the joints of the body

(c) Injury to tendon

(d) Damage to ligaments as a result of the accident.

Answer:  (b) An attack of gout occurs when urate crystals build up in a joint, creating inflammation and acute pain that is characteristic of a gout attack. When there is a high concentration of uric acid in the blood, uric acid crystals can form.

8. Cancerous cells are more susceptible to radiation damage than normal cells because they are more fragile.

(a) Differ in structure

(b) Go through a quick division

(c) Are nutritionally deficient

(d) None of these

Answer: (b) Radiation is most effective in killing cells that are actively dividing, which are the majority of them. Cancer cells are more sensitive to radiation for two reasons: first, they divide more rapidly than normal cells, and second, they contain more DNA than normal cells. They are not as successful in repairing this damage as normal cells, though.

9. There is a link between cancer and

(a) Tumour that is not malignant

(b) The uncontrolled expansion of tissues

(c) Tissue division that is under control

(d) None of the above

Answer: (b) In the case of cancer, some of the body’s cells develop uncontrolled, causing the disease to spread to other parts of the body.

10. The nucleus of malignant cells changes into a tumour.

(a) Unchanged

(b) Degenerated

(c) Extremely huge in comparison to the usual

(d) Hypertrophied

Answer: c) Cells die when they get too old or damaged to function properly, and new cells replace them. In some cases, this well-ordered mechanism is disrupted, resulting in aberrant or damaged cells growing and multiplying when they shouldn’t. Tumours, which are masses of tissue, can develop from these cells.