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The heart is an organ that acts as a pump to circulate blood throughout the body. Located between the two lungs and also to the left of center, behind the rib cage, it relies on the diaphragmatic, which is a muscular wall that separates the breast chest from the abdomen in humans and other mammals. The myocardium, which is a hard muscular wall that surrounds the heart, is composed of several layers. The outside of the heart is covered with a thin piece of tissue called the pericardium, and the inside is lined by another layer of tissue called the endocardium. In the middle of the heart cavity, there is a right as well as a left heart, that is further split into different chambers. The atrium (or auricle) is the top chamber of the heart, and also the ventricle is the lower chamber.
Heart Valves
Each cell of the heart has two atria (upper chambers) & two ventricles, which are connected by a blood vessel (lower chambers). Each chamber of the heart has a valve by which blood must transmit until it can leave the chamber. The valves are responsible for preventing the blood from flowing backward.
Each of the two ventricles has a valve that is actually a flap that is positioned on every end of 2 ventricles (lower chambers of the heart). Blood is then pumped into and out of the ventricle through these valves, which act as both one-way inlets and one-way outlets on either side of the ventricle. With the exception of the heart valve, which has two flaps, all standard valves have three flaps.
Valve opening and closing occurs as the heart muscle contracts and loosens, allowing blood to flow into the ventricular and atria at different times on a regular basis. Following the contraction of the left ventricle, the aortic valve closes and the mitral valve opens, allowing blood to flow from the left atrium into the left ventricle and vice versa.
Blood flows into the left ventricle as the left atrium contracts, increasing the amount of blood available to the body.Blood flows into the aorta whenever the left ventricle contracts, which results in the closure of the mitral valve and the opening of the aortic valve, which allows the heart to beat more quickly.
Heart Valves Disease
Heart valve diseases can develop as a result of two different problems:
Regurgitation
Rehashed material (or leakage of the valve). It is possible for blood flow backward through the valves if the valve does not fully close. This has the effect of decreasing forward blood circulation and increasing the risk of fluid overload in the heart.
Stenosis
Stenosis is a medical condition in which there is a narrowing of the blood vessels (or narrowing of the valve). As a result of the narrowing of the valve opening, the blood flow out of its ventricles or atria is restricted. As a result of the narrowed or stiff (stenotic) valve, the heart is compelled to pump more blood with greater force in order to progress blood through all of it.
Heart Valve Disease Evaluation And Cure
Doctors can perform the following tests to determine the kind and extent of valve damage:
Electrocardiogram
An electrocardiogram is a type of heart monitoring device (ECG). When a cardiac rhythm study is performed, aberrant rhythms (arrhythmias) are identified, as well as heart muscle damage may be detected.
Echocardiogram
The chambers and valves of the heart are evaluated using sound waves in this noninvasive procedure. A picture is created on a monitor while an ultrasound transducer passes over the heart.This is the most accurate test for determining heart valve function.In certain circumstances, your doctor may simply wish to monitor the problem for a while. Medicines or surgeries to fix or substitute the valve are also alternatives.
Medicine
Heart valve disease is not curable, however treatment can often reduce symptoms. These include:Beta-blockers, digoxin, and calcium channel blockers assist moderate heart rate and avoid irregular heart rhythms.Medications to lower blood pressure, like diuretics (increase urinary output) or vasodilators (relax the blood vessels, reducing the pressure on which the heart must pump).
Surgery
A failing valve may necessitate surgery (s). Such as:
In rare circumstances, a faulty valve can be surgically repaired. For example, prosthetic rings can assist narrow a dilated valve or remodel aberrant valve tissue. In many circumstances, using a person’s natural tissues is recommendable.
Heart valves that are significantly damaged or destroyed may need to be replaced. Biological (animal and human aortic valves) and mechanical (metal, plastic, or other artificial material) replacement valves are available. This generally necessitates heart Aortic stenosis and mitral regurgitation can be treated non-surgically.
Balloon valvuloplasty is a less intrusive therapy alternative than valve repair or replacement surgery. A catheter (hollow tube) is put into a blood artery in the groyne and guided into the heart. A deflated balloon at the catheter’s tip is placed into the constricted heart valve. The balloon is inserted, inflated to stretch the valve, and then removed. This treatment is used to treat pulmonary and aortic stenosis.
Conclusion
The heart is the primary organ of your circulatory system, which is a network of blood vessels which circulates blood throughout the body and is responsible for pumping blood. The heart rate & blood pressure are controlled by this system in conjunction with other physiological systems.The heart is divided into four major portions (chambers), each of which is formed of muscle and propelled by electrical impulses.Heart disease is the leading cause of death. It also causes many disabilities. Heart disease comes in numerous ways. The coronary arteries, which feed blood to the heart, are the most commonly narrowed or blocked. This is called coronary artery disease. It causes most heart attacks.The heart’s valves may malfunction, or the heart may fail to pump effectively, causing heart failure. Some are born with it.You can help minimise the heart disease by controlling risk factors such as:
Blood pressure control,Reduce cholesterol, Don’t smoke, and get moving.
