Diversity in living organisms

Introduction 

Animals that live in a variety of settings, such as water, land, deserts, forests, grasslands, ice, land, water, and ice, as well as deserts, forests, and grasslands. Cells make up every single one of these species. Cells are one of the most significant aspects of living things since they are the fundamental building blocks. They are biological structural units that perform certain activities. A tissue is made up of a collection of these cells. 

Classification 

The organisation of organisms into groups based on their differences and similarities is referred to as classification in biology.

The Classification System’s Fundamental Principle

Life has evolved into a diverse range of forms throughout millions and millions of years. Homo sapiens is the result of our evolution from ape-like beings. We compare the similarities between species in order to categorize them into classes and thereby analyse them as a whole

This can be accomplished using a variety of criteria such as those listed below.

• Nucleus is present in this specimen.
• Cellular structure and design of the body (Single-celled or Multicellular organisms)
• Agricultural and food product manufacturing.
• Organisms that carry out photosynthesis have varying degrees of order in their organs.

A System of Classification

Basically, there are two kinds of classification systems:

A classification known as the Two-Kingdom Classification was proposed by Carolus Linnaeus, who divided species into two categories: plants and animals.

The Five-Kingdom Classification was proposed by Whittaker, who separated creatures into five different groupings, which he termed “kingdoms.

Monera

The creatures of the Monera kingdom do not have a definite nucleus or organelles, and none of them have multicellular body designs, as is the case with other kingdoms.

Bacteria, anabaena, blue-green algae (cyanobacteria), and mycoplasma are all members of the monera kingdom, which includes them all.

Protista

Among the many different types of unicellular eukaryotic creatures found in the kingdom of Protista are many different forms of bacteria.Algae, euglena, diatoms, and protozoans, among other things, are examples of the Protista kingdom.

Fungi

The fungus kingdom includes species that are heterotrophic eukaryotic organisms.It is called as saprophytes because the creatures in this kingdom feed on decaying organic matter, which is why they are classified in this category.

Plantae

Organs of this kingdom are multicellular eukaryotes with cell walls, which means they have cell walls.

Plantae creatures are autotrophs, which means that they produce their own sustenance through the use of chlorophyll (i.e. photosynthesis).

Animalia

The Animalia kingdom contains all animals that are multicellular eukaryotes (organisms that do not have cell walls) in nature.Animalia contains organisms that can be either simple or complicated in their structure.

For example, earthworms, Hydra, and so forth.

Classification and evolution

The classification of organisms is directly associated with the process of evolution. Evolution is the accumulation of changes in the body design of organisms that have occurred over time in order for them to survive longer periods of time. In his book ‘The Origin Of Species’, published in 1859, Charles Darwin introduced the concept of evolution for the first time.

The following are some of the inferences that can be formed when evolution is linked to classification:

Lower or primitive creatures are defined as organisms with an ancient body type that appears to have remained unchanged across time, as opposed to modern organisms.

Animals classified as ‘higher’ or ‘advanced’ are those that have evolved relatively recently and have acquired their specific bodily patterns

Nomenclature

the scientific name for an organism is unique and may be used to identify the organism from any location on Earth.

Carolus Linnaeus was a Swedish physician who lived in the eighteenth century and is credited with developing the scientific naming system that we use today.

When drafting scientific names, it is necessary to adhere to certain conventions:

1. The genus name begins with a capital letter, as does the name of the species.
2. The species’s name begins with a little letter, which is unusual.
3. When the scientific name is printed, italics are used to distinguish it from other names.
4. When writing by hand, the genus name and the species name must be underlined individually in order to distinguish them.

Conclusion 

The diversity of living beings may be seen all across the world. The earth’s warm and humid regions are rich in biodiversity and are known as the “region of mega biodiversity.” More than half of the world’s biodiversity is concentrated in only 12 countries. One of them is India. Each person has a distinct DNA profile. Human beings differ in their appearance and the factors that influence it, such as height, complexion, and so on. When we compare ourselves to a different species, such as a horse or a fish, we can see that we are very different in practically every way, but when a horse is compared to a zebra, we can only see a few distinctions.