Disorder of Respiratory System

Respiratory disorders or diseases are diseases of the lungs and human airways that interfere with the ability of a person to breathe. A disorder is defined as a state in which the body’s functions are disrupted or abnormal. Human respiratory system disorders and respiratory diseases refer to a variety of infections, allergies, and other diseases that affect the various organs, tissues, and specialised cells of the human respiratory system, as defined by medical professionals.

Among the major components of the respiratory system are the upper respiratory tract, alveoli, bronchi, bronchioles, the trachea, pleura, and the pleural cavity. The common cold is an example of a mild respiratory disorder, and other serious and life-threatening respiratory disorders include pneumonia, lung cancer, and asthma, influenza, tuberculosis, and other diseases that affect the lungs and the respiratory system.

Factors Affecting Respiratory System Disorders

When it comes to respiratory system disorders, there are numerous factors to consider. A few of these elements are as follows:

• Genetics
• Allergies
• Smoking
• Air Pollution
• Infections caused by bacteria and viruses

Disorders of the Respiratory System are classified into several categories.

Millions of people all over the world suffer from disorders of the respiratory system. There are three main types of respiratory diseases: asthma, bronchitis, and pneumonia.

Airway Disease

It has an effect on the bronchial tubes, which are responsible for transporting oxygen and other gases into and out of the lungs and other organs. Airway disease is characterised by a reduction in the passage of air, which is associated with either narrowing or blocking of the bronchial tubes.

Lung Tissue Disease

The pleura is a thin layer of tissue that covers the surface of the human lungs. The structure of the lung tissues is altered as a result of certain viral or bacterial infections, resulting in scarring or inflammation of the tissue that allows the lungs to expand normally and, as a result, makes breathing difficult.

Lung Circulation Disease

When the blood vessels in the lungs become coagulated, swollen, or damaged, this condition is known as pulmonary embolism. This has an effect on the ability of the lungs to receive oxygen and exhale carbon dioxide, among other things. In severe cases, this disorder can impair the proper functioning of the heart muscle.

Respiratory Disorders Have a Variety of Causes

Respiratory diseases are caused by a variety of factors such as pollution exposure, smoking, passive inhalation of tobacco smoke, asbestos exposure, radon exposure, and other factors.

Respiratory Diseases

The following are the most common respiratory diseases or disorders:

Asthma

Asthma is a chronic lung disease that affects the bronchi and bronchioles of the lungs, causing them to constrict. It causes difficulty breathing, which is followed by severe coughing, restlessness, coughing, and the production of a wheezing sound when you breathe.

Asthma Factors:

• Cold air
• Airborne allergens
• Infections of the respiratory tract
• Very less Physical activity
• Pollutants in the air

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)

This includes any and all respiratory diseases that cause shortness of breath or inability to exhale completely. It primarily affects people who have been exposed to cigarette smoke or other forms of smoke. Even if you stop smoking, it is a very serious disease that only gets worse over time.

Emphysema

Emphysema is defined as a chronic disease characterised by a reduction in the respiratory surface area as a result of damage to the alveolar walls of the lungs. It is primarily brought on by cigarette smoking. The most common symptoms of emphysema are shortness of breath and coughing up blood. Emphysema may result in a reduction in the elasticity of the lungs.

The following factors may contribute to the development of emphysema:

• Dust
• Chemicals
• Air pollution is a serious problem.
• Tobacco use is prohibited.
• Passive cigarette smoking is a source of exposure.
• Diseases of the Respiratory System in the Workplace

Occupational respiratory disorders are defined as any condition that affects the respiratory system as a result of inhaling chemicals, proteins, or dust over an extended period of time. Asbestosis, for example, is caused by the inhalation of asbestos fibres in the air.

When the following substances are inhaled at work, they can cause occupational respiratory disorders:

• Fumes from metals.
• Smoke produced by the combustion of organic materials.
• Varnish, paint, acids, and pesticides are sprayed on the surface.
• Cotton, silica, coal, drug powders, and pesticides all contribute to the formation of dust.
• Gases emitted by industrial processes. For example, ammonia, chlorine, and nitrogen oxides are all pollutants.

Sinusitis

This condition is characterised by an inflammation of the mucous membranes in the nasal sinuses. The mucous membranes secrete mucus, which drains into the nasal cavities and causes congestion. Inflammation of the mucous membranes is caused by bacterial or viral infections, as well as by certain airborne allergens such as pollen.

Lung Cancer

Lung cancer can develop in any part of the lungs, including the chest cavity. It manifests itself in the main portion of the lungs. The type, location, and extent of lung cancer influence the treatment options available.

Conclusion

Respiratory disease refers to any of the diseases and disorders of the airways and lungs that interfere with the ability of humans to breathe. All of the structures and organs that are involved in breathing can be affected by diseases of the respiratory system, including the nasal cavities, the pharynx (or throat), the larynx, the trachea (or windpipe),the bronchi and bronchioles,the tissues of the lungs, and the breathing muscles of the chest cage.