Dicotyledonous Seed

We know that plants can pollinate in their plant as well as other plants. Pollination is the process of the transfer of the pollen from the anther of a male plant to the stigma of a female plant. The pollens germinate in the stigma and become pollen tubes which usually grow down the pistil towards the base of the ovule. For achieving double fertilization, one out of the two sperm cells of the pollen tubes must fuse with the egg cell of the ovule. 

The other cell then combines with the secondary sexual nuclei of the ovule. The growing ovule further transforms into a new seed over time. We should note that the endosperm plays a huge part in the growth of the embryo as it provides nutrients for the growth of the embryo as well as acts as a mechanical barrier for protecting the embryo from any damage during germination. 

A seed is the most basic part of a plant. We know that the ovules after fertilization into a seed over time. A seed is made of two basic things, the seed coat, and the embryo. A seed is usually found within a fruit which can create a new plant if we plant the seed in the soil.

What is the function of an endosperm in seed?

The endosperm plays a major role in the growth of the embryo, it provides the embryo with nutrients as well it acts as a mechanical barrier for protecting the embryo during the germination of the seed in the plants.

Types of Seeds

There are usually 2 types of seeds, which are monocotyledonous seed and dicotyledonous seed. Both of them are explained below:

Monocotyledonous seeds- Monocot seeds also known as monocotyledon seeds are a major group of flowering plants, the members of this group generally have one cotyledon or one embryonic leaf in the seed. Monocots are a part angiosperm and bear their reproductive organs in a structure which is known as a flower and usually cover their seeds by keeping them inside a fruit. Monocots usually dominate most parts of the earth in terms of agricultural plants. Not only are they important commercially as a food staple but also aesthetic values. 

Dicotyledonous seed- Dicotyledonous seed which is also known as dicot seeds are also a part of the angiosperms. There are more than two hundred thousand species of plants from dicotyledonous seed, hence making it the largest out of the flowering plants. The main parts of dicot seeds are seed cover, embryo, cotyledon, radicle, hypocotyl, epicotyl.  The dicotyledons are not considered as a group anymore as the current system of biological classification emphasizes evolutionary relatedness.

Functions of Dicot and Monocot Seeds

The functions of dicot and monocot seeds are as follows:

• The most common and important function of the seed is to provide nutrients to the embryo so that it can germinate in a healthier and faster way.
• As the embryo is inside the seed, it acts as a shell/case and protects the embryo from any damage.
• The seed can even go through a patch of dormancy to protect seed from any unforeseen and unfavorable conditions.
•  We humans often eat the seeds of plants as the seeds contain a huge amount of nutrients. 

What are the dicot seed parts and their functions?

The main parts of the dicot plants are seed cover, embryo, cotyledon, radicle, hypocotyl, epicotyl. The functions are that Some of the functions of the seeds are to provide the embryo with nutrients and to protect it, humans can also devour them as it’s a great source of nutrients and they can go through a patch of dormancy to save the seed from any unforeseen or unfavorable condition.

Kinds of Seed Plants

The plants that bear seeds are known as spermatophytes and they all usually belong to the same plant kingdom. There are two types of land plants which are, gymnosperms and angiosperms. Their detailed overview is as follows:

Gymnosperms- Gymnosperms are derived from the Greek word, naked seed, which means that they don’t produce fruits that can protect the seeds. The seeds of this type are not visible until they mature. 

Angiosperm- Angiosperms are also known as flowering plants, which usually produce flowers and bear their seeds in the fruits to protect them. Angiosperms are the largest and the most diverse group in the kingdom Plantae. It has nearly three hundred thousand species. This type of seed plant represents almost 80 percent of all green plants on earth. 

Characteristics of Seed Plants  

We know that spores are the structures that help in the reproduction of mosses. The spermatophytes keep their offspring in a case that is also known as seeds. The seed plants are helped to survive drought by the evolutionary adaptation of the seed plants as seeds can remain dormant in the soil for many years, while waiting for the right time and conditions to germinate. Spermatophytes are a diverse group of plants that can range from small plants from angiosperms like duckweed and towering high plants from gymnosperms like sequoias. 

The production of seeds also allows the gymnosperms to absorb some foods in the embryo so that it can provide nutrients to the young seedling and help it to sprout and establish the roots in the soil. As the spermatophytes carry nutrients in their embryo, it is even considered to be a great source of nutrients for us, human beings. Some of the seed plants like corn, rice, fruits, and vegetables are common sources of nutrients for humans.

Conclusion

To sum it all up, pollination is the process in which the pollen is transferred from the anther of a male plant to the stigma of a female plant. After this, the egg goes through the process of fertilization and becomes a seed over time. Seeds are of two types monocotyledon seed and dicotyledonous seed. The monocots are a type of seed that keeps their reproductive organs inside a flower and usually cover the seeds by bearing them inside a fruit. The dicot seeds are seeds that contain all the descendants of a common ancestor.

Some of the functions of the seeds are to provide the embryo with nutrients and to protect it, humans can also devour them as it’s a great source of nutrients and they can go through a patch of dormancy to save the seed from any unforeseen or unfavorable condition. There are 2 types of seed plants, gymnosperms, and angiosperms. The seeds of gymnosperms can’t be seen until they mature.