Body

A human body comprises billions of cells that group together to form the tissues that come together to form organs, and organs form systems. These systems formed by organs perform various functions that are physiological or psychological. The function can be digestion (digestive system), circulation (circulatory system), excretion (excretory system), and many more. Thus, we can say the body’s function is the function performed by its cells when they come together. The most important work of our body is to sustain our life. Let’s understand the important organs of our body and their functions in this article.

What are organs?

Organs are formed by a group of tissues that perform the same functions. Thus an organ is a body part that performs a specific function. 

Essential organs in our body.

The body has two types of organs: first are the essential organs that are important for a human to sustain, and the other are non-essential organs without which the human can sustain.

1. Brain–Controlling Organ

The brain is located inside the head of a skull. It is divided into three subparts: the cerebrum, cerebellum, and brainstem. The brain is divided into two halves: the left and right hemispheres.

Function- The brain is called the controlling organ of the body. It is the principal part of the central nervous system. It helps us think, understand, memorise, perceive, and sensation. It maintains the balance of our bodies.

2. Heart-Pumping Organ

The heart is located in the centre of the chest. It is divided into four chambers by human beings. Two upper chambers are called atria, and the lower chambers are called ventricles.

Function- The heart is the core part of the blood circulatory system. It pumps the freshly oxygenated blood into every part of the body. The deoxygenated blood comes to the heart from different parts of the body, and it oxygenates it by mixing oxygen from the lungs to it. 

3. Lungs – Exchanging organ

Lungs are two in number located on either side of the upper chest. They are protected by the pleural membranes, which provide cushioning to them. The lungs consist of several parts. They are left and right bronchi, the alveoli, and the blood vessels.

Function- Lungs help exchange carbon dioxide and oxygen from the blood. It works in coordination with the heart to carry the oxygenation of the blood. They exchange the body’s carbon dioxide with the oxygen in the air coming from the trachea. Thus, they act as the air filtering unit for the body.

4. Liver- Multifunctional organ

The liver is located on the upper right-hand side of the abdomen, beneath the diaphragm, and on the top of the stomach, right kidney, and intestine. It is a cone shaped organ, dark reddish with a weight of about 1.4 kg.

Function- It filters the blood, secretes the bile essential for digestion, and produces the proteins important for blood clotting. It filters the blood from alcohol, drugs, or any toxic substances, makes immune factors, cholesterol, and clears bilirubin.

5. Kidney–Blood Filtering Organ.

Kidneys are two in number and are located on the right side of the abdomen. They are bean-shaped, each having the size of a fist. They are protected inside the lower part of the rib cage. It comprises  millions of nephrons, which are the kidney’s filtering unit.

Function- Kidneys are the basics of the excretory system. They help purify the blood by filtering them from the urine waste. Urine is removed from the body with the help of the urethra, which is connected with the urinary bladder. Urine enters the urinary bladder through the ureters.

Non-vital Organs

Since they are not that essential, let’s define their function in one word.

• Gall bladder- Makes bilirubin, bile, cholesterol, and salts.
• Pancreases- Acts as an exocrine gland and endocrine gland
• Stomach- Helps in the process of digestion.
• Intestine – Helps in reabsorbing water electrolytes from the waste.

Conclusion

Thus we can conclude that the body has two types of organs. First are the essential organs that are important for a human to sustain and the other are non-essential organs without which the human can sustain. Every Organ has its function. The absence of any organ or disease in the Organ will ultimately affect the sustainability of our life. Different organs have different functions, and their functions are interconnected. Thus, we can say that our body is the coordination of the different organs working together to help us survive.