Profile
Settings
Refer your friends
Sign out
Protostomes And deuterostomes are the two digestive cavity lines that are created with specially designed cells in the animals; these are the part of metazoan. Metal soil is a different type of cell for specific organs and tissues which are mainly found in some groups of animals.
These metazoans are divided into two parts which are deuterostomes and protostomes based on their embryonic development.
Protostomes
The Protostomes are referred to the group of animals or the lower vertebrate species in which the formation of the mouth is early as compared to the development of their anus. These types of animals have a very simple composition of the body as they have evolved very less as compared to the animals in the deuterostomes category.
A few examples of the protostomes are an octopus, squid, spiders, ants, bees, oysters, etc.
The protostomes are also divided into two taxonomic categories which are Lophotrochozoa and Ectozoa.
1. Lophotrochozoa
Lophotrochozoa grows by extending the size of the skeletons in their body. The group consists of annelid worms, mollusks, and even the rotifers sometimes. For instance, mollusks grow just by the addition of calcium carbonate on the edges of the shells. The very common examples are octopuses, squids.
2. Ectozoa
Ectozoa are the type of animals that include arthropods, tardigrades, and nematodes. Some very common examples are spiders, centipedes.
Deuterostomes
Deuterostomes are referred to as the group of animals that during their embryonic development develop the Anus first and the mouth of that animal matures later after the development of the anus. These are mainly the type of animals that are complex and have evolved very much in time.
Their embryonic development goes through radical cleavage while the blastula develops via the cleavage of that embryo. On this basis, the Deuterostomes have divided the animals into six different types.
1. Echinodermata
The term Echinodermata refers to marine animals such as sea cucumbers, sea lilies, etc.
2. Chordates
Chordata refers to the animals which are both terrestrial and marine. For example, snakes, frogs, etc.
3. Cephalochordata
Cephalochordata are referred to as animals that are smaller in size and live in the water. Example: Lancelets.
4. Urochordata
Urochordata are another type of sea animal which are also referred to as Tunicata. Examples: Sea squirts, Larvacea, etc.
5. Vertebrata
The animal which has a backbone or the animals that fall under subphylum are called vertebrates. Example: humans, amphibians, fishes, etc.
6. Hemichordata
These marine species are also known as the sister organisms of the echinoderms. Examples of the same are acorn worms, graptolithina, etc.
Difference between Protostomes and Deuterostomes
The main difference between the protostomes and the Deuterostomes is given below.
DEUTEROSTOMES | PROTOSTOMES |
The anus develops from the Blastopore. | Here, the mouth develops from the blastopore |
These types of animals are called enterocoeles. | Here, protostomes can also be priapulids. |
The archenteron occurs in the main stage of the creation of the embryo. | There is no development of archenteron. |
The ciliation process here is based on the single cell. | In its ciliation process, there are multiple involved. |
Deuterostomes have been divided into six different types: Echinodermata, Chordates, Urochordata, Cephalochordate, Hemichordate, and Vertebrata. | The protostomes have included all the remaining bilaterian species. |
The longitudinal poches of the archenteron develop the coelom which is called enterocoelous. | Schizocoel mates are the coelom that is developed due to the division of the embryonic mesoderm. |
The mouth is developed when the gastrointestinal tract is channeled to the embryo. | The gastrointestinal tract is formed by the anus and then channeled into the embryo. |
The animals falling in this category have evolved more as compared to others. | The compositions of the body of these animals are simple i.e., they are evolved less. |
There is a very little number of species falling in the category. | Bilaterian phyla fall in the category of protostomes. |
Anal openings are formed in the first place. | The mouth is formed in the very first place. |
The nervous system is made up of nerve fibers and gill slits. | The nervous system includes the ventral and the solid nerve cords. |
The cleavage is indeterminate. | The cleavage is determined. |
The cleavage in these animals is radical. | The cleavages here have a spiral structure. |
Examples of these animals are humans, and other terrestrial animals like monkeys, tigers, etc. | These animals are simpler just like the flatworms and annelids etc. |
Conclusion
Both the Protostomes and Deuterostomes are the types of process that differentiates in the timing of the formation of the anus and the mouth in different type of animals. In deuterostomes, the mouth is formed first whereas in the protostomes it is the opposite. The FAQs section provides additional information which will aid a better understanding of the topic.
