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The gas laws were a series of formulas developed by scientists to describe the behaviour of gases. The first gas law, Charles’ Law, describes the behaviour of a single gas, while the others describe the behaviour of gases in general. Charles’ Law, named after the scientist Thomas Johann von Charles, describes the relationship between the pressure and temperature of a single gas. It states that the pressure of a gas is proportional to the amount of gas and inversely proportional to the temperature.
There are five gas laws:
Boyle’s Law
Charles’s Law
Gay-Lussac’s Law
Avogadro’s Law.
Combined Gas Law / the Ideal Gas Law
Boyle’s Law – Boyle’s Law, is a fundamental law of thermodynamics that was first proposed by Robert Boyle, the same scientist who first proposed the ideal gas law. Boyle’s Law is a corollary of the ideal gas law and states that the pressure, temperature, and volume of a gas sample are in direct proportion to the amount of heat added to the system and in proportion to the number of moles of gas present. This means that if you double the number of moles of gas in a container, the temperature of the gas will double, its pressure will be doubled, and its volume will be cut in half. On the other hand, if you cool the container of gas, its volume will be cut in half, its pressure will be halved, and its temperature will be lowered to the new, lower temperature.
Boyle’s Law formula
P1V1 = P2V2
P1 = first pressure
P2 = second pressure
V1 = first volume
V2 = second volume
Charles’s Law: Charles’ Law is a law describing the thermodynamic behaviour of gases. It was first described by the British chemist and physicist Charles in 1798. It is often referred to as the \ “Charles-Charles Law\” or \ “Charles’ Law.\”: pressure, volume, and temperature are directly proportional to the amount of heat added to the system and inversely proportional to the amount of work done on the system. This means that if you double the amount of heat added to a system, pressure will be reduced in half, the volume will be reduced in half, and the temperature will be increased to the new, higher temperature.
Charles’s Law formula
PV = K
K ~ constant.
P= Pressure.
V= Volume.
Gay-Lussac’s Law
“Gay-Lussac’s Law: it is a valid refinement of the ideal gas law. It is used in chemistry to describe interactions between two or more gases and says that the volume of a gas to its pressure is constant. Gay-Lussac’s Law also shows that more heat is needed to make a gas hotter, and less heat is needed to increase gas pressure than that needed to decrease gas temperature.
Gay-Lussac’s Law formula
P1/T1=P2/T2.
P1 is the initial pressure
T1 is the initial temperature
P2 is the final pressure
T2 is the final temperature
Avogadro’s Law.
Avogadro’s Law, also known as Avogadro’s constant, is a formula that relates the number of atoms in a sample of an ideal gas to the mass of that sample. It states that the number of particles in an ideal gas equals the number of molecules in the gas multiplied by the constant Avogadro, which is 6.022×1023 particles per mole. This means that if you double the number of particles in an ideal gas, its mass will be doubled, and its pressure will be raised to a new, higher number of particles. On the other hand, if you cool an ideal gas, its volume will be cut in half, its pressure will be cut in half, and its temperature will be
Avogadro’s Law formula
V1/n1= V2/n2
Combined Gas Law
The combined gas law states that the pressure, volume, and temperature of a sample of an ideal gas are in proportion to the amount of heat added to the system. This Law is useful for determining the behaviour of gases in equilibrium, such as at equilibrium temperatures and pressures. The Law of combining gases is also a useful tool when determining the behaviour of gases under conditions of change, such as when the temperature of an ideal gas is changed.
Combined Gas Law / Ideal Gas Law PV = nRT
P = pressure
V = volume
n = amount of substance
R = ideal gas constant
T = Temperature
This formula is known as an ideal gas formula.
Characteristics of an ideal gas: Ideal gases are characterised by their very specific and consistent properties. The ideal gas law states that pressure is directly proportional to temperature, volume is directly proportional to temperature, and the temperature of an ideal gas is constant. These characteristics make an ideal gas a perfect example of gas in that its properties do not vary as the gas is expanded or compressed. For example, when gas is compressed, its molecules are forced closer together, and thus the gas pressure is raised.
conclusion:
In this article, we have studied the five gas laws Boyle’s Law, Charles’s Law, Gay-Lussac’s Law, Avogadro’s Law, Combined Gas Law (or the Ideal Gas Law) and their formulas. The Ideal Gas Law is the most important Law of thermodynamics. It is the foundation for understanding all the gas laws. These ideal gases are characterised by their very specific and consistent properties.
