Cyclones and anticyclones are the regions of low and high pressure respectively. Cyclones and anticyclones occur on the earth’s surfaces and they can have a variety of size ranges. Both phenomena are associated with vertical air movement. Therefore, the present article provides the definition of cyclone and anticyclone. It also includes the characteristics of anticyclone and cyclone and their differences. 

Definition of cyclone and anticyclone 

Cyclone: A cyclone is a natural phenomenon that occurs in a low-pressure area. Cyclones move in counter clockwise direction where the middle of the cyclone becomes a low-pressure zone. Tropical cyclones form only over the warm ocean near the equator, when the moist, warm air over the ocean raises upward from near the surface a cyclone forms.  

Anticyclone: Anticyclones are the opposite of cyclones and they form in the region with high atmospheric pressure. It includes sunken air when it moves; as a result, it leads to fair weather. Anticyclones are made up of different air components but the air masses are clear, dry, and calm. They have small air pressure gradients; slow winds and they divert cyclones along their edges. 

Characteristics of cyclone and anticyclone

Cyclones have variable names in different parts of the world such as hurricanes, and typhoons. Their names are based on the origin of the cyclone, for example, Hurricane in the Atlantic Ocean, Cyclone in the Indian Ocean, and Typhoons in the Pacific Ocean. 

List of cyclones that hit India 

Cyclone Jawad: Cyclone reached Odisha and Andhra Pradesh is the states of India on 4th December 2021. The deep depression over the Bay of Bengal intensified into cyclonic storms. 

Cyclone Gulab: Cyclone reached Andhra Pradesh and Odisha coasts on 25 September 2021. The specified cyclone forms in the North Indian Ocean. 

Cyclone Tauktae: It is the first cyclone storm in the year 2021 and it emerges from the Arabian sea. It hits southern Gujarat a state in India on 17th May 2021.

Cyclone Yaas: Cyclone yaas formed in the Bay of Bengal and it hits West Bengal and adjoining Odisha cost in May 2021. 

Cyclone Nisarga: The specified cyclone is the second pre-monsoon cycle that emerges from the Arabian Sea. It hit Alibag in Mumbai and it is the first cyclone that hit Mumbai since Phyan of 2009. 

Cyclone Amphan: It is one of the most powerful tropical cyclones in the Indian States of West Bengal and Odisha.  

Conclusion 

The present study has concluded the characteristics of cyclones and anticyclones. Therefore, it can be concluded that cyclones and anticyclones are natural phenomena that occur because of low and high air pressure. It has also been observed that different cyclones originating from different oceans or seas have hit India very badly in the past few years as discussed above.