Climate Types and Natural Regions

INTRODUCTION

The typical weather patterns in a location over a long stretch of time—30 years or more—are referred to as climate. And, as you presumably well understand, the Earth has a wide variety of climates. Hot zones, for example, are usually found closer towards the equator. Since the Sun’s light would be most immediately above near the equator, the environment is hotter there. The Sun’s heat and light are fewest direct in the Northern and Southern Hemispheres, making them chilly. The classifications were predicated on temperatures, rainfall amount, and times of year when moisture occurred. Understanding natural areas aids in appreciating them  of the disparities in the stages of commercial and industrial growth that various countries have attained. It also aids in understanding the organic pattern of international trade between various places.

What is the climate?

The average weather in a certain place over a longer length of time is referred to as climate. The average temp in various seasons, rain, and sunlight are all included in a climatic description.

Climate experts have divided the Earth into roughly five kinds of climate today. They are as follows:

A: Tropical climate. The average temperature in this warm and humid zone is greater than 64°F all year, and there is much more than 59 inches of rainfall each year.

B: It’s very dry. These micro climates are extremely dry due to rapid evaporation of moisture from the wind and a lack of precipitation.

C: The temperature is moderate. Summers in this zone are often hot and humid, with thunderstorms, and winters are pleasant.

1. Summers are mild to chilly, and winters are bitterly cold in certain areas. This zone is prone to snowstorms and bitterly cold temperatures in the winter.

E stands for polar. It is exceedingly chilly in the northern climate zones. Even in the summer, the temperature never rises above 25°C.

1. The Equatorial Zone

The equator belt runs about from 5 degrees north to 5 degrees south of the Equator. The climate is consistently hot and damp throughout the year. The annual average temp is small, and seasonal variations are minimal. The climate and weather  is unsuitable for continuous human labor due to the temperature and humidity, yet it is ideal for the production of flora. The region’s economy is based on low-fertility red and yellow soil that is eroded by excessive rainfall. Natural vegetation includes dense, tall tropical woods with a diverse range of species. Their economic potential stems from their abundance of precious hardwoods. At high altitudes, the tall hardwoods include the entire canopy. Small plants form a second layer, and there is a dense thicket of bushes. Primitive tribes live in the Amazon Basin of South America and the Congo in Zaire. Food collecting, fishing, and cultivation are how they make a living.

It is generally left in its natural condition, with the exception of a few public sections. 

2. Tropical Grassland (Savanna) Region: 

Even during summer climate and weather , that is under the impact of the equatorial region of calms and obtains fluidized rains; as during winter, it will be under the impact of trade winds, which are dry winds, and also the region endures drought. It is located between the latitudes of 5°N and 20°S. This area receives moderate rain and has a wider temperature range throughout the year. It’s found all over Africa, as well as sections of the Brazilian Plateau and the Orinoco Basin in South America.Natural vegetation comprises savannah or tropical grassland called as Llanos in Venezuela but also Campo in Southern Brazil due to a lack of water.

3. The Mediterranean Area:

This equatorial region is located on the western boundary of the continents, generally between 30° and 40° N and S latitudes, poleward of the tropical deserts. Summers are warm, with warm and rainy winters. During the summers, winds blow from land to sea, resulting in almost no rain. This region is influenced by wet west winds blowing offshore in the winter, producing cyclonic rain. The yearly rainfall is moderate, with a long dry season and a temperature range of 10°C to 17°C.

4. Tropical Deserts:

Tropical deserts, also referred to as the heated or trading wind deserts, are found on the western borders of the continent in the Trading Wind belt, usually between 20° and 30°N and S latitudes. The average rainfall is less than 25 cm. Clear skies in almost all of the region encourage fired insulating transit throughout the day and outbound radiation from the planet during nighttime. As a result, the temperature variation is wide during the day.

5. China Type East Margin Region:

In both hemispheres, it is found on the eastern borders of continents in the subtropical belt between 20° and 48° latitude. Summers are generally warm and humid, and winters are chilly; during the summer, winds blow first from the adjacent ocean, bringing mild rainfall that diminishes as one approaches the equator; while in the winter, west winds blow first from the interior toward the oceans. Because these land breezes do not bring rain, the winters remain dry.

6. Steppe Lands (Mid-Latitude Deserts):

These deserts can be found in Asia and Central America’s inner plateaus and basins. They are encircled on all sides by steep mountain ranges. Tibet and the Gobi Desert are two well-known examples. The fundamental feature of such a region is that it obtains little rainfall due to the interior location’s proximity to steep mountains, which prevent moist air from entering. Because of its interior location, the temperature swings throughout the summer season are more dramatic.

7. Eastern Margins or St Lawrence:

The Warm Eastern Margin Zone is the poleward of this zone. Summers are hot and humid, and winters are chilly and dry. . Mixed deciduous and evergreen forests make up the natural vegetation. Forest trees grow beyond 50°N, whereas deciduous trees drop their leaves during the harsh winter season. Fruit growing is also practiced in addition to forestry and agriculture. Commercial fishing has evolved along the coasts of the northeastern U.s. And japan. Planktons develop in plenty within the area of intersection of warm or cold currents, making for excellent fishing waters.

CONCLUSION 

The typical weather circumstances in a location over a long stretch of time—30 years or more—are referred to as climate. And, as you presumably well know, the Earth has a wide variety of climates. A basic geographical unit is a geographical region (landscape unit). Typically, it is a geographical, geological, and climatic region that is characterized by its shared natural traits.