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Glass is usually produced by rapid cooling (quenching) of the molten metal; But, some mirrors like volcanic glass can form suddenly. Ordinary glass is made of many substances such as silica, bleaching powder, alkaline metal oxides, and calcium oxide (lime). Glass is essentially a homogeneous mixture of many alkaline metal silicates. Egypt was the first country to produce glass.
Glass Properties
Glass is a solid made of molten material. Glass is a less chilled liquid from a physical point of view. Glass is solid at room temperature, with almost no temperature. It is delicate and melts at temperatures in the mid-range.
Important features of glass:
- Glass has many positive and practical features suitable for food, beverage and cosmetic packaging, as well as revolutionary glass fibre optic cables and practical glass-ceramic cooktops for data transmission.
- It is an inorganic soluble product made from natural and natural-like raw materials. Versatile material used for a variety of purposes.
- And it is Extremely and Dimensionally Stable
- 100% Recyclable.
- Fully Gas-tight packing material does not interact with other materials.
Types of glass
Water glass: It is made by heating a mixture of sodium carbonate and silica to form a mixture of sodium silicate. It is water-soluble.
Photochromic Glass: This is a specific type of glass that turns black when exposed to bright light, making it ideal for use as a light protector and eye reliever on eye lenses and goggles. The main reason for the blackening of the glasses is the presence of silver iodide.
Pyrex glass: Borosilicate glass is another name for this. It has many special chemical properties as well as high heat content in sensitive resistivity.
Lead Crystal Glass: This is a unique glass that can be used to create a wide variety of beautiful objects using appropriate decorative, cutting and designing techniques. In fact, when such glasses are shattered, the optical phenomenon of overall interior reflection occurs very intensely, resulting in a pleasant bright light.
Soda glass: Also known as soft glass, it is the cheapest and most widely used type of glass. It is easily damaged and cracks can form in such mirrors as a result of temperature changes.
Xena Glass: It is the most advanced type of glass, and is used to make chemical containers and scientific equipment. This glass is made mostly of zinc and barium borosilicate, resulting in a soft and high-quality product.
Flint glass: It is made of sodium, potassium and lead silicates, which are used to make culturally important statues, as well as expensive glassware and technologies. These mirrors are made of electric lights, telescopes, microscopes, cameras and prism lenses, among other things.
Crown glass: This is usually soda-lime silica glass, commonly used in the manufacture of spectacle lenses.
Crooks Glass: Cerium oxide is the main component of this glass, which effectively absorbs UV wavelengths from sunlight and is used to make spectacle lenses.
Sodium | Composition | Uses |
Soda Glasses | Carbonate, Calcium Carbonate and Silica | Tube Lights, Bottles, Scientific Appliances and Everyday Home Appliances |
Flint Glass | Potassium Carbonate | Lights, in Camera and Telescope Lenses |
Crooks glass | Cerium oxide and silica | In preparation for google lenses of googles. |
Potash glass | Potassium carbonate, calcium carbonate and silica | glass containers and laboratory equipment, as well as glass containers heated to very high temperatures. |
Pyrex glass | barium silicate and sodium silicate | laboratory equipment and pharmaceutical containers or jars. |
Crown Glass | Potassium Oxide, Barium Oxide and Silica | Spectacle Lenses |
Lead glass | potassium carbonate, lead oxide and silica | expensive glassware or utensils. |
Quartz Glass: Also known as silica glass because it is made by melting silica and emitting ultraviolet rays. As a result, it is used to make ultraviolet lamp bulbs, chemical reagent containers and laboratory equipment.
How does the color of the glasses come about?
Glasses are coloured when various parts or components of the molten or fused state are replaced (replaced) or when additional elements such as metallic oxides are accessed or added during the manufacturing process. The various compounds that are readily available also produce different colors in the mirrors. When ferric oxide is accessed in conventional fused glass, the brown-coloured glass results.
Green, red, and blue glasses are formed by the addition (access) of chemicals such as chromic oxide, manganese dioxide, and cobalt oxide to fused glass. In general, a small number of metallic compounds are available with their component in the molten or fused state for attractive coloured glasses.
Substance used for colouring the glass | Colour of glasses |
Cobalt Oxide | Deep Blue |
Sodium Chromate or Ferrous Oxide | Green |
Selenium Oxide | Orange red |
Ferric Salt or Sodium Uranet | Fluorescent Yellow |
Gold Chloride or Purple of Cassias | Ruby red |
Cuprous Oxide, Cadmium Sulphide | Glitter red |
Cupric salt | Peacock Blue |
Potassium dichromate | Green and green-yellow |
Manganese dioxide | Blue to light orange |
Cuprous salt | Red |
Cadmium sulphide | Yellow like lemon |
Carbon | Brownish black |
Conclusion:
Glass is a solid made of liquid material that is formed by rapidly cooling (quenching) the molten metal. From a distinct view, glass is a less cooled liquid. At room temperature, glass is almost completely solid. It’s delicate and melts at mid-range temperatures. During the manufacturing process, certain parts or components of the molten or fused state are replaced (replaced), or other elements such as metallic oxides are accessed or added.
