India seems like a country that suffers from substantial poverty of energy and persistent power deficits. In the current year, the energy consumption of India increased vastly due to economic development and population growth. This article describes India’s existing energy needs and deficit. In recent years, India has been in the 3rd rank in the world concerning energy production.  Energy is the most important for economic development. It is derived from conventional (nonrenewable) and non-conventional (renewable) sources. Conventional resources are fossil fuels such as coal, oil, and natural gas. Non-conventional resources are wind energy, hydro energy, solar energy, and Biomass energy.

Energy in India

In the global economy of energy, India is a major force. Sustained urbanization and industrialization of India will make vast demands of energy. India has unexpected success in the current development of energy, but also remains several challenges. It will also discuss India’s existing energy needs and deficit.  Currently, India has millions of electricity connections. The country is also implementing highly efficient LED lights and has immense development in non-conventional energy sources. The expansions for the citizens of India and their life quality have been perceptible.

Largest Source of energy in India

Conventional or non-renewable source

Coal

It is the most significant and copious fossil fuel of India. It requires 55% of the energy needs of the country. The industrial legacy of the country has been constructed on the indigenous coil. Primary consumption of energy in the commercial area in India has developed by 700% in the last four decades.

Oil

India has total investments of 1201 million tons of crude oil. It is one of the largest sources of energy in India. Production of crude oil at 33.65 million tons 55% higher than last decade produced oil. Due to the fast development of automobiles, the petroleum products demand will observe demand progress and it is predicted to increase to 240 million and more metric tonnes through 2021-22 which will rise to about 465 million metric tons through 2031-32 seeing high growth.

Natural Gas

Natural GasGross Production in India at 47.51 billion cubic metres which is 44.63% higher than the 32.85 billion cubic metres production through last decade. India Vision 2020 has projected a gas demand between 65-71 Billion Cubic Metres (BCM) for the2020 year.

Non-conventional or renewable source

India is the most growing country concerning energy consumption. The country is mostly dependent on energy fossil sources for most of the demand. This has required the country to start hostilely following alternate sources of energy such as wind, hydro, solar, biomass, and more.

Wind energy

The wind energy potential of India has been retrieved at 48500 MW. The current potential of technical energy is evaluated on the 20% penetration of the grid at 13000 MW. India is implementing the largest assessment program of wind resources in the world monitoring and comprising complex terrain and wind mapping projects.

Hydro energy

It is the largest resource of renewable energy that is used for electricity production. The 50000 MW initiatives of hydro energy launched and 33000 MW is under preparation. In India, projects of hydropower with the 25 MW capacity fall under the small hydropower category.

Solar energy

India is a country with rich solar power. This country is situated near the equator that gives the geographic location. It gives a massive volume of solar radiation. In most areas of India, the average radiation range of solar power received from 4-7 KW per metre square in a day.

Biomass energy

India is the 4th rank in the world in the power generation with biomass. 540 million or more tonnes of plantation and crop remainders are generated every year in India..

Indian Energy scenario

Oil, coal, water, and gas establish the main energy source of India. The Indian energy scenario consists of sources of energy and energy consumption.  The segment of several sources of energy in the commercial energy consumption is generally from 32% oil and 56% coal, and the other resources exist are water and natural gas. Rather than the energy of commercial sources, a large volume of traditional sources of energy in the form of agriculture waste, fuelwood, and animal remains are used. The main drivers of the growth of commercial energy consumption are the supplementary structural variation of economic development and population growth together with fast urbanisation.

The industry sector is the largest energy-consuming customer, around 50% of the entire produced commercial energy in the transport sector followed by the country.

The sector of the transport is the largest consumer of petroleum products such as gasoline and high-speed diesel and required for almost 50% of entire consumption.

In the domestic sector, the natural fuel energy consumption is higher. Almost 30% of urban and 70% of rural families hinge on firewood.

Conclusion

This article describes India’s existing energy needs and deficit. The sources of energy are categorised into conventional and non-conventional sources. Conventional resources are fossil fuels such as coal, oil, and natural gas. Non-conventional resources are wind energy, hydro energy, solar energy, and Biomass energy. The segment of several sources of energy in the commercial energy consumption is generally from 32% oil and 56% coal, and the other resources exist are water and natural gas.