DNA protein interaction

The inborn abilities and skills of the individuals are related to the functions of the gene. The ability to think in words or verbal reasoning describes the ability to solve problems that are based on words and language. Apart from this, the numerical ability is the ability to play with numbers and is also used with finance and marketing. These skills and abilities are inherent and are passed from generation to generation. The DNA that is included in the chromatin fiber is responsible for the transfer of genetic abilities from one generation to the next. It is present in around 40 % along with the histones, a particular type of protein for around 6%. This becomes responsible for the transfer genetically.  

What is DNA? What is the structure of DNA? 

The shape and the structure of DNA were discovered by Rosalind Franklin and were finally studied by Watson and Crick in 1953. DNA is a double helical structure and is often described as a macromolecule. The strands of DNA are composed of a helix along with complementary strands. There are four types of nitrogen bases found in the DNA are Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine and Thymine. A single human has around a million nucleosomes. The strands of DNA are wound around eight histone proteins, each complex comprising a nucleosome. The DNA is supposed to be condensed to fit properly inside the nucleus. The entire chromatin fiber is coiled and supercoiled like the wires of a telephone.

Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) is often referred to as a self-replicating material that is present in nearly all the living organisms that mainly constitutes the chromosomes. It is the molecule inside the cells that comprise the genetic information for the overall development and function of an organism. The molecules in the DNA allow the flow of information which is genetic and thus asses from one generation to the next. The DNA is located in the chromatin that further developed into chromosomes. It contains the information and traits that are transferable, thereby containing genetic instructions for the overall development of living beings. All the organisms present in the ecosystem have DNA and its major function is to encode the sequence of amino acids that is resin in the proteins using the genetic code. 

The DNA protein interaction 

The interaction of the protein with the Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is through the electrostatic interactions along with hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interactions. The interaction of proteins with the DNA is important for several molecular as well as cellular mechanisms that include transcriptions, regulations and modifications and many others. The protein binds with DNA as a transcription factor that activates and represses the expression of the gene binding it less specifically.  The techniques such as footprinting assays, mobility shift assay and proximity ligation assay are used to detect the interaction of DNA with the proteins. Proteins interact with the physical contacts of high specificity which are established between two or more protein molecules as a result of biochemical events that include electrostatic forces along with the hydrogen bonding and the hydrophobic effect. 

The interaction process of binding proteins with DNA controls several cellular processes that involve both replication and transcription. The highly versatile techniques are used to determine the efficiency of the bonding between DNA and protein. Biophysical techniques are used to identify this interaction that includes circular dichroism, atomic force microscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance. The DNA that binds the proteins are the proteins that have a specific or generic affinity as it exposes the functional groups identifying the base pair. The interaction of the protein with the DNA also regulates the biological functioning of the DNA that includes the transcription factors for activating or repressing the gene where the design site becomes specific. 

The protein-protein interaction 

The protein interactions are the physical contacts that are established between two or more molecules of proteins and are steered by the interactions. These interactions include electrostatic forces along with the hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic effect. It plays a crucial role in the functions of the cell along with the biological processes in the organization. It leads to a better understanding of the infection mechanisms that involve the development of medication drugs along with the optimization of the treatment. 

The interaction of the protein with other proteins uses a common technique called Fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) that is used to detect the interaction with the different proteins. The cellular structure including the detection and location of the genes includes the membranes of proteins. The protein present in the chromatin is called histone which is present around 60% and is made up of amino acids that include lysine and asinine in which the DNA is charged negatively. The histone and the DNA is coiled together inside the nucleus with a reversible non-covalent interaction between the two molecules. It is also recognised by the form of two molecules and thus in this way the protein is synthesized along with the other protein.

Conclusion 

There are many abilities for which some are inherent and some are understood and are taken up living in the society. DNA along with a social ecosystem that provides a fine structure of skills to the individuals and the skills of humans are dependent on nature and nurture. Both perspectives are necessary. Nurture is dependent on society as the child has various skills and abilities living among the social beings. However, the natural skills and abilities are inherited to the individuals from the DNA which transfers the characteristics from the parents to the children.