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The active voice is a facet of English Grammar. In nominative-accusative languages, such as English and most other Indo-European languages, it is the unmarked voice for clauses with a transitive verb. When the subject of the verb performs the action named, the verb is usually in the active voice. In a clause whose subject expresses the agent of the main verb, the active voice is used; that is, the subject performs the action specified by the verb.
As per the active voice definition, an active clause is the one in which the agent is marked as the grammatical subject. On the other hand, a passive clause is one in which the subject plays the role of patient or theme, and the verb is expressed in the passive voice. Many other languages have an active and passive voice, which permits for prominent sentence raising pliability as either the connotation agent or patient may take on the acceptable subject role. The verb is active in the form of a clause containing an impersonal verb, but no agent is specified.
Classification Of Active Voice
In active voice, the subject is doing the action, and the object is receiving it. They can be classified into the following, and an example is also given with the type:
- Simple Present- Once a day, the maid cleans the house.
- Present Continuous- Right now, Stacy is reading the novel.
- Present Perfect- I still have to visit my grandparents.
- Present Perfect Continuous – The staff has been doing their job on time recently
- Simple Past- I broke the lamp.
- Past Continuous-The neighbour was helping my parents fix the lawn.
- Past Perfect- Sheen had prepared many cakes before she received her baker’s license.
- Past Perfect Continuous- She had been preparing for finals lately.
- Simple Future- I will finish my job by the end of the day.
- Future Continuous- He is going to be employed in a few days.
- Future Perfect- They will have completed the process before the professor arrives.
- Future Perfect Continuous- The famous musician is going to have been playing the violin for over six hours by the time it is finished.
Rules Of Conversion To Active Voice
In the following rules of conversion, S means Subject, V1 means first Verb form, V3 means the third form of Verb, and O means Object.
Active Voice Rules For Simple Present Tense
Conversion from active to passive
- S + V1+s/es+ O -> O+ is/am/are+ V3+ by + subject
- S + Do/does+ not + V1 + O -> O + is/am/are+ not + V3+ by S
- Does+ S+ V1+O+? -> is/am/are+ O + V3+ by S + ?
Examples:
- I eat a mango (Active)
- A mango is eaten by me (Passive)
Active Voice Rules For Present Continuous Tense
Conversion from active to passive
- S + is/am/are+ v1+ ing+ O -> O+ is/am/are+ being+ V3+by + S
- S + is/am/are+ not+ v1+ing+ O -> O+is/am/are+not+being+v3+by + S
- Is/am/are+ S+v1+ing + O+? -> Is/am/are + O +V3+by S+?
Example:
- I am eating a mango (Active)
- A mango is being eaten by me (Passive)
Active Voice Rules For Present Perfect Tense
Conversion from active to passive
- S + has/have+ v3+ ing+ O -> O+ has/have+ being+ V3+by + S
- S + has/have+ not+ v3+ing+ O -> O+ has/have+not+being+v3+by + S
- has/have+ S+v3 + O+? -> has/have + O +V3+by S+?
Example:
- I have eaten a mango (Active)
- A mango has been eaten by me (Passive)
Active Voice Rules For Simple Past Tense
Conversion from active to passive
- S + V2 + O -> O+ was/were + V3+ by + subject
- S +did+ not + V1 + O -> O + was/were + not + V3+ by S
- Did+ S+ V1+O+? -> was/were + O + V3+ by S +?
Example:
- I ate a mango (Active)
- A mango was eaten by me (Passive)
Active Voice Rules For Past Continuous Tense
Conversion from active to passive
- S + was/were+ v1+ ing+ O -> O+ was/were + being+ V3+by + S
- S + was/were + not+ v1+ing+ O -> O+ was/were +not+being+v3+by + S
- was/were + S+v1+ing + O+? -> was/were + O +V3+by S+?
Example:
- I was eating a mango (Active)
- A mango was being eaten by me (Passive)
Active Voice Rules For Past Perfect Tense
Conversion from active to passive
- S + had+ v3+ ing+ O -> O+ had + been+ V3+by + S
- S + had + not+ v3+ing+ O -> O+ had +not+been+v3+by + S
- had + S+v3 + O+? -> had + O + been +V3+by S+?
Example:
- I had eaten a mango (Active)
- A mango had been eaten by me (Passive)
Active Voice Rules For Simple Future Tense
Conversion from active to passive
- S +will+V1+ O -> O+ will + be + V3+ by + subject
- S +will + not + V1 + O -> O + will+ not +be+ V3+ by S
- Will+ S+ V1+O+? -> Will+ O +be+ V3+ by S + ?
Examples:
- I will eat a mango (Active)
- A mango will be eaten by me (Passive)
Active Voice Rules For Future Perfect Tense
Conversion from active to passive
- S + will + have + v3+ ing+ O -> O+ had + been+ V3+by + S
- S + will+ have+ not+ v3+ing+ O -> O+ will +not+been+v3+by + S
- Will + S+ have+v3+ O+? -> had + O + have+been +V3+by S+?
Example:
- I have eaten a mango (Active)
- A mango has been eaten by me (Passive)
Examples Of Active Voice
Simple Present Tense:
- He cleans the house
- Does he eat the mango?
Simple Past tense:
- He cleaned the house
- She did not eat a mango
- Did he eat the mango?
Simple Future Tense:
- He will clean the house
- She will not eat a mango.
- Will you speak the reason?
Present Continuous Tense:
- She is making a ring.
- Kiran is not chopping cucumbers.
- Is Rohan making a kite?
Past Continuous Tense:
- She was drawing the picture.
- Mani was chopping the vegetables.
- Were you writing the essay?
Present Perfect Tense:
- Manish has challenged him.
- Radha has not done the homework.
- Has he left the room?
Past Perfect Tense:
- Mia had done the h.w.
- Vihan had not written the letter.
- Had they caught Raj?
Future Perfect Tense:
- He will have done the work.
- Nilesh will not have written the letter.
- Will he have chopped the vegetables?
