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Introduction
The introduction of the ports has made a greater impact on the supply of goods and services within as well as outside the country. Major economic activities are conducted by the ports in the coastal outlines of the country. They help in the sustainable growth of the Indian economy by controlling the country’s exports and imports. However, with the rising development of the country, there exists pressure on these ports to be much more efficient as well as significant in performing their entrusted role.
With the support of science and technology- ports, the government of India undertook several measures to improve, develop and innovate the traditional structure of the ports.
Science and Technology- ports have conducted experiments in improving the efficiency, productivity, and stability of the maritime transport sector.
methods aim at turning the facilities provided by the ports into cost-effective.
Technological advancements include the use of the following methods;
- Imaging & Physical Senso The technology logo of Satellites.
- Biotechnology.
- Subsea Engineering.
- Big Data Analytics etc.
This provides a consolidated discharge of services to the port operators, shipping companies, etc. It helps in economizing costs with the allocation of a more specific and efficient system of trade business. The concerned industry is integrating more and more science and technology-based services. India has recently signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MOUs) with countries such as Korea and Egypt to provide cooperation and coordination for giving way to the steady growth of maritime traffic. It has introduced Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP), which is a system where consolidated software applications being used to systematize and integrate the processes of business, to connect the ports Port Community System also abbreviated as PCS, has set a sequence of goals for assisting the electronic transmission of trade-related particulars for every port. It aims at reducing the efforts as well as time and also it is cost-effective.
Thus, the cost-effectiveness of Ports assists in the planning process, operational activities, and financing capital which, in turn, improves its capacity and functions.
The Government has allowed 100% FDI in the waterways sector for port construction, development, and maintenance list for objects. The Central Government strictly manages the major ports of India while the State government manages the minor ones.
Major Ports in India:
The major ports are maintained under the jurisdiction of the Indian Constitution and are regulated as per the Indian Ports Act 1908 and the Major Port Trust 1963. The Board of Trustees who are appointed by the Government of India govern these ports by performing functions such as planning and operations of the ports.
According to the reports of the Ministry of Ports, Shipping and Waterways, there are 12 major ports.
We will discuss the major ports in India in a precise manner.
Introduction to Major Ports in India (The Eastern Coast)
Chennai Port | • Termed as Madras Port. • India’s second second-largest • Lies on the Coromandel Coast of the Bay of Bengal. • Started its operations in 1881. • Cargo handling. |
Tuticorin Port | • Located 8km to the south of the old Tuticorin port. • Easy access through railways and roadways. •Specifically trades with Sri Lanka. • Trading of edible oils, coal, petroleum products etc. |
, Visakhapatnam Port | • Located in Andhra Pradesh. • harbor and fishery harbor. • Cargo handling. •Trading of coal, iron ores, oil, etc. |
Paradip Port | • Situated in Orissa. • Has its railway for mobilizing goods. • handling of bulky and heavy vessels or containers. • Trading of Coal & Iron ores. |
Kolkata Port | • Situated on the bank of river Hugli, approximately 128 meters from the Bay of Bengal. •Termed as “Gateway of Eastern India”. • Constructed by East India Company. • Epicenter of Jute trading. • Trading of copper, tea, steel, leather, etc. |
Ennore Port | • Located 24km from Chennai port on the Coromandel coast. • Easy access through railways and roadways. • Trading of Coal. • Privately owned port of India. |
Introduction to Major Ports in India (The Western Coast)
Kandla Port | • Situated 90km from the Gulf of Kutch, Gujarat. • Handles transportation of cargo. • India’s first export port. • Import of salts, chemicals, telesales, etc. |
Mumbai Port | • Mainland of West Mumbai. • Handles about one-fifth of India’s foreign trade. • Termed as “Front Bay or Gateway of India”. • Import of liquid chemicals, mineral oils, etc. |
Jawaharlal Nehru Port | • East of Mumbai, Maharashtra. • India’s largest port of the container. • Completely owned by the government. • Contributes nearly 50% of the country’s trade. • Export of carpets, textiles, sports goods, etc. |
Mormugao Port | •situated in Goa. • Export of iron ore (major exporter). |
Cochin Port | • Situated in Kerela. • Export of coffee, tea, spices. • Import of chemical fertilizers as well as mineral oils. |
Mangalore Port | • Coastal city of Mangalore. • Import of fertilizers, crude oils, timber, etc. • Export of coffee, granite, manganese, cashews, etc. |
Important Ports in India
Name Of Port | State |
Mundra Port | Gujarat |
VO Chidambaram Port | Tamil Nadu (Tuticorn) |
Chennai Port | (Tamil Nadu) |
Mumbai Port | Maharashtra |
Visakhapatnam Port | Andhra Pradesh |
Deendayal Port | Gujarat (Kandla) |
Jawaharlal Nehru Port | Maharashtra (Nhava Sheva) |
Haldia Port | West Bengal |
New Mangalore Port | Karnataka |
Paradip Port | Orissa |
Conclusion
Thus, we see from the above-stated article that science and technology serve as a crucial factor in the growth of the trading and maritime industry. We have also seen how technological advancements have led to constant improvement in the concerned industry. The presence of several ports across the country has made the EXIM system quite efficient and accessible. It has become cost-effective as well as time friendly.
