DISORDERS

Introduction

In terms of medical science, disorder means the state of the human body in which it does not respond normally or does not behave normally. It is a type of illness that is the cause of disruption of the normal mental function of a human body or disruption of normal physical functions. In this study, the discussion about the mental disorders in human beings has been analysed. The analysis of Autism spectrum disorder will also be discussed in this context. The cause of bipolar disorder will also be discussed and detail about obsessive-compulsive disorder will be provided in this study. 

Discussion

What is a mental disorder?

Mental disorder directly signifies mental illness that indicates the state of a human body that affects the thinking of the human body, their mood, their feelings, and their behaviour toward themselves or others. The mental disorders may be occasional or chronic that can affect the ability of suffering individuals and affect the functions of daily life. Depression is one of the familiar mental disorders that have affected the highest majority of people. Each and every individual nowadays faces depression at least one time in their lifetime. The anxiety disorder also affects humans very commonly in those situations where they are not aware of it.  The human body also can suffer from different mental disorders like some phobias, in which they feel scared by different things like water, height, and so on. The disorders are caused due to genetic disorders, life experiences, brain injury, chemical imbalance in the brain, and so on. 

What are the causes of Autism spectrum disorder?

The Autism spectrum disorder mainly attacks the nervous system of the human body and impacts the overall emotional, social, physical health, and cognitive health of the suffering patient. There are many causes for this disorder in an individual. The environmental cause and genetic cause both may play a common role in this disorder. It is seen in the research that several different types of genes appear to be involved in the cause of Autism Spectrum disorder. This disorder is accomplished with various disorders followed by the genetics of every individual like “fragile x syndrome” or “Rett syndrome” and so on. For other children, genetic mutation or genetic change may cause Autism Spectrum disorder. The mutation raises the risk of this disorder in children. The other genes also affect the development of the brain and its responsive tissues that affect the development of the brain in its initial phase of development. It is seen that some genetic mutations are in heritage but others occur in a voluntary manner.  The environmental factors also raise the risk of this type of disorder mainly in children. Pollution, viral infections, medication during pregnancy, complications in pregnancy, and so on plays an important role in triggering the Autism Spectrum disorder in children.

What are the reasons behind Bipolar disorder?

Bipolar disorder mainly refers to a “manic depressive illness” or it can be also referred to as a mood disorder that has two extremes one is dispersed (low) and manic (high). This disorder causes extreme mood swings, which means when an individual becomes depressed they may feel hopeless or sad and lose interest in most of the activities. The exact causes of bipolar disorder are still unknown but several factors may be involved in this specific disorder. The people with bipolar disorder may have different physical changes in their brains. The genetic disorder from the parents causes this disease in the children’s bodies. It may come from relatives or siblings or from other family members. Researchers in medical science are trying to find these genes that may be involved in the cause of bipolar disorder. The high-stress situation causes damage in the brain tissues that helps in the mental and physical function of the human body. The addiction to drugs and alcohol also causes this disorder. The drugs and excessive consumption of alcohol damage the brain cells and raise the risk of Bipolar Disorder.

Obsessive-compulsive disorder

Obsessive-compulsive disorder reflects a systematic pattern of unwanted fears and thoughts that may lead an individual to a compulsion or repetitive behaviour. Individuals who are suffering from OCD cannot justify their thinking. The OCD suffering person may stop or ignore their obsession. The ignorance of obsession only increases the anxiety and distress in that person. The symptoms of OCD are different in different people; some are very responsive toward dirt and unhygienic.  They always wash their hands from hand washes and fear of bacteria and viruses always scares them.

Conclusion

 The above study reflects a detailed analysis on the disorders of the human brain and their effect in their daily life. The different types of mental disorders have been discussed in this study. The reasons behind Autism spectrum disorder and Bipolar disorder have also been discussed. The detailed briefing of OCD has been done in this context. At last a few FAQS have been discussed regarding the human brain disorder.