Babur

Introduction

Babur is considered the founder of the Mughal Dynasty and also one of the finest Mughal empires. After a series of failures of the sultanates, Babur finally succeeded to secure his position in Delhi. Not only that, he won three important battles in India, known as the Battle of Khanwa, Chanderi, and destroyed the power of Rajputs. The establishment of the Mughal Empire and the reign of Babur, the significant role played by Babur in the war of Panipat, and the achievements are also discussed here.

Overview of Mughal Empire

The Mughal Empire was founded in 1526 by Babur and it ruled over India for approximately 200 years. The Mughals successfully built military warfare which helped them to fight against their enemies and expand their kingdom successfully. After Babur, the well-known emperors of Mughal were Humayun, Akbar, and so on. These emperors continue the legacy of the Mughal Empire successfully by maintaining peace in their kingdom and focusing on their countrymen. The aim of Babur was to win over India by expanding the Mughal Boundary.

Babur as the Ruler 

As stated before, Babur was the founder of the Mughal empire and a descendant of the Turko-Mongol conqueror, Timur. Babur turned to India to satisfy his ambitions. Firstly, he established himself in Kabul and then marched towards India from Afghanistan through the Khyber Pass. Babur also fought against Ibrahim Lodhi in the war of Panipat which is considered a significant movement in the history of India. Babur also focused on creating sustainable military warfare to establish new administrative practices. Babur was also very decorative and elegant in the case of artistry and craft. Thus, he has a deep focus on art and the Mughal arts are considered as “The Jewel of Muslim Arts” in  Indian history.

The significant works that are done by Babur

During the reign of the Mughal emperors, different famous heritage sites such as Agra Fort, Red Fort, Fatehpur Sikri, Humayun Tomb, and Lahore Fort were built. Babur played a significant role in the war of Panipat. In 1527 AD, Babur defeated Rana Sangram Singh and took over Mewar, and gradually took other Rajput kingdoms like Ajmer, Gwalior, Marwar, and so on. After that, in 1929 AD, Babur took over Bengal, Assam, Bihar, Orissa by defeating the Afghans. Babur had a great interest in reading, hunting, politics, and economics. The Sultan also had a great idea about architecture, administration, and civilization. Babur made a Mughal-style garden in the high point of west Kabul which is considered as one of the most beautiful landscapes in India. He was also a great patron of cultural activities. Thus, he always welcomes the authors, writers, poets, and literature in his court.

Establishment and reign of Babur

In the early Sixteenth Century, the Mughal Empire was founded by Babur. Babur was the great-grandson of Taimur who was a well-known emperor of Mongolia. Babur drove from Samarkand and established his rule in Kabul in the year 1504 and later became the first ruler of the Mughal emperor. Babur was the Military commander for his army and successfully entered India in 1526. Babur fought with many rulers of different regions of India and successfully defeated them and expanded the Mughal Empire. Babur has a huge army of men with all gun carts, moveable artillery, and superior cavalry tactics. Babur defeated Rana Sangha of Rajput and then rejoined the army and marched towards Afghanistan but the Sultan of Bengal died in 1530 and Babur had to consolidate his military gains. He also made some beautiful gardens in Lahore and Kabul as a sign of his legacy.

The role of Babur in the war of Panipat

In the year 1526, the War of Panipat was held in a place a few miles away from Delhi. The Mughal emperor only had twelve thousand manpower while on the other hand, Sultan Ibrahim Lodhi had a huge army. However, the Mughal Sultan was equipped with more advanced weapons at that time which proved to be very useful against the Afghans. Just like other chiefs of the country, Ibrahim Lodhi was also unaware of the fire weapons and was killed in the battle of Panipat along with dozens of other Indian Chiefs and the  Babur occupied Delhi.

Conclusion

It can be concluded that the Mughal Empire and the founder of Mughal Sultan Babur have created a great impact on Indian History. Babur was open and motivated by his army man thus he can conquer a huge force of army that helps him to fight against other emperors. Babur was a great politician as well, thus he could expand his kingdom in such a short time.