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One of the most significant OOPs ideas is polymorphism. It is a notion that allows us to execute a single activity in various ways. Polymorphism is classified into two types: compile-time polymorphism and runtime polymorphism. Compile-time polymorphism is illustrated by method overloading, whereas runtime polymorphism is illustrated by method overriding.
Run Time Polymorphism vs Compile Time polymorphism
Polymorphism is something we’re all familiar with. The same thing can have several shapes. A lady is a real-world example. She can take various shapes. Helen is a mother, sister, wife, and employee at home and work.
Polymorphism in Java is classified into command-line diversity & run time polymorphism. Method overloading is used to achieve compile time polymorphism. Because call resolution for overloaded methods occurs at build time, it is known called compile time and static polymorphism. Parameters determine whether the overloaded version of the method is invoked. Dynamic polymorphism, on the other hand, refers to runtime polymorphism. Because method call resolution does not occur at build time; rather, it occurs at runtime when actual objects are formed. It is accomplished by method overriding. At runtime, every type of object determines which override method is called.
Compile Time Polymorphism:
Method overloading produces compile-time polymorphism. The phrase method overloading refers to the ability to have many methods with the same name. Because this procedure occurs during build time, it is called Compile-Time Polymorphism. Build-time polymorphism occurs when an object is coupled, including its functionality at compile time. By inspecting the method signatures, Java determines the method to invoke at compile time. As a result, this is known as compile-time polymorphism, static polymorphism, or early binding. Method overloading is used to achieve compile-time polymorphism. Method Overloading states that you can have many functions that share the same name in the same class, each with a distinct prototype. Function overloading is a method of achieving polymorphism, although it depends on technology and the type of polymorphism used. In Java, function overloading is accomplished at the compile time.
Method of Method Overloading
Overloading creates compile-time polymorphism wherein methods with the same name but different arguments are used. In this manner, the same command would be presented in many ways.
Method Overloading may be accomplished in various methods. First, altering the set of variables: In this form of overloading, a class name stays the same, but the arguments used as inputs change.
By modifying the parameter data types: The class is not changed in this form of overloading, but the types of data of the arguments given as input are.
Run-Time Polymorphism:
Runtime polymorphism occurs when an object is associated with functionality during runtime. Method overriding can be used to provide runtime polymorphism. The Java virtual machine selects the method to invoke during runtime, not at compile time. It’s also known as dynamic and late binding. Method overriding indicates that the child class utilises the same function as the parent class. It indicates that method overriding occurs when a child class offers a custom implementation of a method offered by another of its parent classes.
Distinction between runtime polymorphism and compile-time polymorphism:
| runtime polymorphism | compile-time polymorphism |
| Method overloading can be used to describe compile-time polymorphism. Compile-time polymorphism allows us to use many methods with the same name but differing signatures and return types. | Method overriding can be used to demonstrate run-time polymorphism. Run-time polymorphism is associated with different classes, but it allows us to use the same method with different signature names. |
It is sometimes referred to as dynamic binding, early binding, and overloading. | It is sometimes referred to as dynamic binding, Late binding, and overriding. |
Method overloading is a compile-time polymorphism in which many methods share the same name but have distinct arguments, signatures, and return types. | Method overriding is a runtime polymorphism in which the same method with the same arguments or signature is associated with several classes. |
| It is accomplished through the use of function and operator overloading. | It is accomplished via virtual functions & pointers. |
It delivers quick execution since the method is known early in the compilation process. | It delivers slower execution than early binding since the method to be invoked is known at runtime. |
| Because everything runs at build time, compile time polymorphism is much less versatile. | Because everything happens at run time, run time polymorphism is much more versatile. |
| There is no inheritance involved. | Inheritance is a factor. |
