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About the Survey:
- The Periodic Labour Force Survey (PLFS) is conducted annually to assess India’s employment situation, providing data on various employment metrics, including demand for work, gender differences, and sectoral distribution.
- The survey collects data in two ways: Usual Status (US) or UPSS and Current Weekly Status (CWS), with a focus on CWS due to better recall.
Usual Principal and Subsidiary Status (UPSS): Principal status is determined based on the activity one spent the most time on in the previous year. Current Weekly Status (CWS): A shorter reference period of a week is adopted. Individuals are counted as employed if they have worked for at least one hour on at least one day in the preceding seven days. |
Key Points from the latest Report:
- India’s latest employment data reveals a decrease in the unemployment rate, but the quality of jobs is deteriorating, and monthly earnings have remained mostly stagnant since 2017.
- The Unemployment Rate (UER) for the population above 15 years has fallen from 6.6% to 5.1% over the past year, indicating a decrease in people unable to find work.
- The Labour Force Participation Rate (LFPR) has increased significantly, with 54.6% of Indians above 15 years actively seeking jobs in 2022-23.
- The LFPR for women experienced two significant increases, in 2019-20 and 2022-23, possibly due to economic challenges and the COVID-19 pandemic.
- The Worker Population Ratio (WPR) has been rising, reflecting the proportion of employed individuals in the population, with notable increases in 2019-20 and 2022-23.
- Monthly earnings have shown minimal growth over the past six years, considering the impact of rising inflation.
- Self-employment has increased, while the proportion of individuals in regular salaried jobs and casual labor has decreased.
- Self-employment among women is a significant contributor to this trend.
- Despite positive trends in some areas, the type of jobs being created, their pay, and sectoral distribution are concerning. Self-employment and unpaid work in household enterprises appear to be the main sources of employment growth.
- The proportion of Indians employed in agriculture has increased, while manufacturing jobs have declined.
- Despite increased workforce participation, monthly incomes in India have not improved as expected during economic growth.
Why in News:
- Recently, the Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation released the results of the Periodic Labour Force Survey for the period July 2022 to June 2023.
