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- Mosquitofish, also known as Gambusia, are small freshwater fish that are native to North and Central America.
- 1960s: They were introduced in freshwater ecosystems as an eco-friendly alternative to chemical pesticides for mosquito control.
- Due to their adaptability and tolerance to environmental fluctuations, they have spread around the world.
Use in India:
- Gambusia was first introduced in India in 1928 during British rule as a measure to combat malaria.
- Various governmental organizations and health departments, were entrusted with introducing mosquitofish.
Ecological Impact:
- They are a hazard to native fish, amphibians, and freshwater communities because of their aggressive behavior and hungry eating habits.
- Studies in Australia, New Zealand, and India have shown the harmful consequences of Gambusia presence, including the decline of endemic species and predation on native fish and frogs.
Why in news?
- Mosquitofish, used to fight mosquitoes, has become invasive in India.
