Natural Science

Natural science is the study of the description, comprehension and prediction of natural events based on empirical information gathered via observation and investigation. 

To assure the legitimacy of scientific advancements, mechanisms such as peer review and reproducibility of findings are implemented.

Natural science is divided into two categories: life science and physical science. Physics, chemistry, earth science, and astronomy are the four branches of physical science. Biology is another name for life science. 

These branches of natural science can be broken further into more specialised branches (also known as fields). Natural sciences, as empirical disciplines, utilise formal scientific techniques such as mathematics and logic to translate evidence about nature into measures that can be represented as explicit statements of “natural laws.”

Prediction of Natural Phenomena

Natural disasters cannot be avoided, but their effects can be mitigated by science and engineering. Some natural disasters can be predicted using scientific data from the past. Scientists examine data patterns to identify where and when natural disasters such as tornadoes are most likely to occur. Other natural disasters, such as earthquakes are unpredictable.

Fractals are used by Earth scientists to measure and predict natural phenomena. It’s nearly impossible to predict the scale, location, and timing of natural disasters, but earth scientists can now use fractals to anticipate storms, floods, earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, wildfires and landslides.

Examples of natural phenomena

Natural phenomena include winds, storms and cyclones. Those are destructive phenomena. Lightning and earthquakes are two other harmful natural phenomena that will be described here.

Lightning 

During a thunderstorm, lightning is a blinding burst of light accompanied by the sound of thunder. Lightning is the transfer of energy from one cloud to another or from space to earth. Simply put, lightning is an electromagnetic bolt that occurs in the atmosphere due to large-scale rapid movement of air currents (upwards) and water droplets (downwards).

Houses, trees, and buildings can all be damaged by lightning. During thunderstorms and lightning, no open area is safe. A house, or a structure is a secure location.

Earthquake

An earthquake is defined as a quick trembling or tremor of the earth that lasts only a few seconds. An earthquake deep within the earth’s crust causes it.

Causes of Earthquake

• The movement deep within the earth’s uppermost layer, called the crust, causes the earthquakes
•  The earth’s crust is made up of various different landmasses. Plate tectonics are also involved. These plates are constantly moving. As they pass through each other or a plate passes under another, they collide. They create changes beneath the earth’s surface. These vibrations manifest themselves on the surface of the earth as an earthquake
• At the edges of tectonic plates, earthquakes are more prone to occur. Many unstable locations or borders are known as earthquake or fault zones. Kashmir, the western and central Himalayas, the entire northeast, the Rann of Kutch, Rajasthan, and the Indo-Gangetic Plain are all earthquake-prone areas in India

Validity of Scientific Advance

The Advancement of Science takes up the problems posed by scholars in the history and sociology of science in order to better grasp the concepts of scientific progress, scientific objectivity, and knowledge expansion. Starts with an overview of classical perspectives in science philosophy and explores how those views were challenged by seemingly difficult examples from past and present scientific activity. The author then constructs a science narrative that stresses the ways in which socially situated scientists can achieve objective knowledge of the world.

Measurements might be accurate but not precise. Some publications use the phrases ‘internal reliability’ and ‘precision’ interchangeably, while others use the term ‘external reliability’ to describe measurement consistency across studies. Validity is a holistic appraisal of scientific studies that relies on the accuracy, precision and reliability of all parts of the investigations. An investigation that is unreliable cannot be valid, but an investigation that is trustworthy may be invalid if it does not address the question under investigation. In science, engineering and statistics, the definitions of accuracy, precision, reliability and validity are all consistent. However, the descriptions are used in many contexts in papers in the disciplines of psychology, education, and sociology study. For instance, the terms “accuracy,” “precision,” and “internal reliability” are all interchangeable.

Conclusion

We can conclude that natural science provides the foundation for applied scientific topics and are concerned with the study of the universe and natural laws. The core study areas of the subject are biology, chemistry and physics, but research topics like biochemistry and geophysics are also considered natural sciences. Earth science, astronomy, behavioural science, anthropology, geology, and other sub-disciplines are also included.

Natural phenomena occur or appear without human intervention. Natural phenomena include gravity, tides, biological processes, and oscillation. The purpose of this article is to give some knowledge about natural science.