Applied Geology

The science of geology is the study of the earth (geo means earth and ology means study of). This is a very simple definition for something so intricate. Geology is the study of the materials that make up the earth, as well as the features and structures that exist on it and the processes that affect them. Geology is also concerned with the study of the history of all life on the planet, both past and present. Geology is the study of the evolution of life and our planet over time

Two Main Types of Geology

The two primary categories of geology are physical geology and historical geology. The study of the earth’s physical properties and the processes that effect them is known as physical geology. Volcanoes, earthquakes, rocks, mountains and oceans are all examples of natural phenomena.

The study of the earth’s history is known as historical geology. Historical geologists research the events that have transpired on the planet since its formation. They also examine how people’s lives change throughout time. In historical geology, you essentially get to journey back in time to the Earth’s formation and then forward through time, experiencing changes in the Earth and its inhabitants.

Branch of Earth Science

Earth science is a broad field of study that includes all parts of the planet’s system. Geology, meteorology, climatology, oceanography, and environmental science are the major branches. Astronomy is the study of the solar system, galaxy, and universe using principles learned on Earth.

Humans have just recently begun to grasp the complexity of our world. We’ve only known for a few hundred years that Earth is a minor component of a massive galaxy, which is itself a minor component of a larger universe.

The entire globe, including its lands, interior, atmosphere and oceans is the subject of Earth science. Earth scientists try to comprehend the beautiful sphere on which we live in all of its magnificence.

Because Earth is such a big and complicated system, most Earth scientists focus on a single part of the planet. Because all fields of Earth science are interconnected, these scientists collaborate to address complex questions. 

Below are descriptions of the major branches of Earth science.

Oceanography

The study of water, its motions, distribution, and quality is known as hydrology. Oceanography encompasses more than just ocean hydrology. Oceanography is the study of everything in the ocean environment, which covers around 70% of the Earth’s surface. People and probes have been able to travel to the deepest sections of the ocean thanks to recent technological advancements, although much of the ocean remains undiscovered.

Physical oceanographers investigate the ocean’s currents, waves and tides.

Marine geologists examine the rocks and geologic processes of ocean basins.

Climatology and Meteorology

Weather patterns, clouds, storms and tornadoes are all studied in meteorology. Meteorologists are constantly improving their weather predicting accuracy by utilising current technologies such as radars and satellites.

Major storms are predicted by meteorologists to save lives and property.

Climatologists analyse the entire atmosphere from a long-term perspective.

Climatologists can aid our understanding of how and why climate change occurs.

The global climate is changing as a result of carbon dioxide released into the atmosphere.

Environmental Science

Environmental scientists study how people interact with the landscape, atmosphere, water, and living things in their environment.

Every activity humans take has an impact on the environment on the planet.

Astronomy

Astronomers are fascinated by space and the physical things that exist beyond Earth. They use telescopes to observe things that are not visible to the naked eye. Astronomers help construct spaceships that travel into space and return information about faraway regions or satellites.

Conclusion

We can conclude that Geology is the study of the solid and molten Earth that is based primarily on direct observations of rocks and their interactions. Mineralogy (minerals are the building blocks of rocks), Stratigraphy and Sedimentology (the study of rocks formed by the accumulation of sediment), Palaeontology (the study of fossil life), Igneous Geology (rocks crystallised from a molten state), Structural Geology (the study of rocks deformed after their initial formation), and Metamorphic Geology (the study of rocks changed by heat and/or pressure after their initial formation) are all included. Regional Geology (geological descriptions of certain continents), Geological Applications (engineering, military, and forensic investigations) and the History and Philosophy of Geology (which outlines how thought on the subject evolved) are all part of geology. The purpose of this article is to give you some information about geology.