Nobel Prize

The Nobel Prize is a famous award given annually in six distinct categories “to individuals who have impacted the most benefit to humanity in the previous years.” Initially, the medal was given in the categories of Chemistry, Physics, Medicine or Physiology, Peace and Literature. The Peace Prize was presented to the individual who did the best to develop international fellowship, the elimination or downsizing of militaries, and the formation and support of peace conventions. From 1968 onwards, the sixth award was included, which was to be awarded for economic sciences. Sveriges Riksbank (the central bank of Sweden) founded it.

Alfred Nobel made his final testament on November 27, 1895, leaving the majority of his money – approximately more than some SEK 31 million (about SEK 1,702 million in current times) – to be turned into something like a fund and deposited in “secure securities.” The invested revenue was to be “given yearly in the form of rewards to individuals who gave the maximum benefit to humankind in the previous year.” In 1901, the very first Nobel Prize was bestowed.

Facts regarding Nobel Prize

• Annually, the Nobel prize winners are revealed at the start of October. A few weeks later, on December 10th, the death anniversary of Alfred Nobel, recipients get their rewards from the Swedish Monarch — a Nobel medal, a diploma, and 10,000,000 Swedish crowns each prize. Excluding the Peace Prize, which is given in Oslo, Norway, other Nobel Prizes are given in Stockholm, Sweden.

• The last two years were the outliers. Due to the current Covid-19 outbreak, the laureates got their medals and diplomas in their respective nations. Nobel Week has been organised as a virtual event, with prize ceremonies and talks taking place digitally and the traditional dinners in Sweden and Norway cancelled. 

• The phrase “Laureate” alludes to someone who is represented with a laurel wreath. The deity Apollo is shown with a laurel wreath upon his head from Greek mythology. The laurel wreath is just a crown composed of bay laurel leaves and branches. Laurel’s wreath was given to winners of athletic contests in Greek Culture as a token of appreciation.

List of Nobel Prize Laureates from India

The Nobel Prize is often regarded as the world’s greatest distinguished award within its category. It is given to the ones who have imparted the maximum benefit on humanity over the prior year.” From 1901, the Nobel Prizes in chemistry, physics, medicine or physiology, peace, and literature have been presented, while the Nobel Prize for economic sciences has been given since 1968.

Some of the Indian Nobel prize winners are as follows:

• Rabindranath Tagore – He was the first Indian to have won the prestigious Nobel Prize for India. He received it in the year 1913 for his very popular work in Literature. He was able to win it due to his deeply sensitive, new, and exquisite poem; he had turned his poetic idea, articulated in the English language, into a part of Western literature with perfect talent.
• Har Gobind Khorana – He jointly received the Nobel Prize with Marshall W. Nirenberg and Robert W. Holly for his work in Medicine. He was presented with it in the year 1968. They got it due to their recognition of their understanding of genetic code as well as its role in protein production.
• Mother Teresa – She received the Nobel Peace Prize in the year 1979 for her exceptional humanitarian work. 
• Amartya Sen – This extraordinary economist received his Nobel Prize in economic sciences in the year 1998. He got it due to the recognition of his work in the area of welfare economics.
• C.V. Raman – This great scientific mind received the Nobel Prize for Physics in the year 1930. He was awarded it for his contributions to the light scattering experiment as well as the discovery of the phenomenon that bears his name.
• Subrahmanyam Chandrasekhar – He was the second Indian to have received the Nobel Prize in Physics. He received it in the year 1983 due to his theoretical research in important physical processes in the structure and development of stars.
• Abhijit Banerjee – He is the second Nobel Prize winner in Economic Sciences from India. He received it jointly with Michael Kremer and Esther Duflo in recognition of his innovative approach to alleviating world poverty. One can read his work in some of the most popular books written by him including Poor Economics and Good Economics for Hard Times.
• Kailash Satyarthi – He is known to be the second Indian Nobel prize winner to have received the Peace Prize. He got it in the year 2014, sharing the award with Malala Yousafzai. They received it for their fight against child and adolescent repression as well as for all children’s access to proper education. Malala Yousafzai is also known to have created history by being the youngest Nobel laureate.
• Venkatraman Ramakrishnan – This exceptional chemist hailing from India received his Nobel Prize along with Ada E. Yonath and Thomas A. Steitz in Chemistry. They received it for their research work regarding the various functions and the structure of the ribosome. 

Conclusion

The Nobel Prizes, often considered as perhaps the most esteemed award granted for exceptional accomplishment in history, are presented out each year from a fund established by the late Alfred Nobel, the Swedish businessman, and inventor. It is awarded for many disciplines including Physics, Medicine, Chemistry, Economics, Literature, as well as for Peace. The Nobel Prize denotes excellence in any certain field.

Many Indian Nobel Prize winners have successfully made their country proud upon having received this highest level of recognition. The government must encourage research in all domains to produce more Nobel Laureates from our nation in the upcoming years.