Torque on Current Loop, Magnetic Dipole

Introduction 

A Magnetic Dipole Moment can be defined as the quantity which represents the magnetic strength and orientation of a magnet or any other object that produces a magnetic field. In mathematically speaking, the magnetic moment of the Torque on the current loop can be calculated as the product of the area of the rectangular loop and the current flowing in the loop. Since Torque is a twisting force, it leads to rotation. The point where the object rotates is known as the axis of the rotation.

Today, in this article, we will be talking about magnetic dipole moment, bar magnets magnetic field, and other related topics.  

Explain Torque 

Since torque is a twisting force, it leads to rotation. The point where the object rotates is known as the axis of the rotation. The formula for the torque is τ = r × F 

Here τ  = torque, F = force applied, and r = the total distance between applied force and center of the rotation. 

Torque on Current Carrying Loop, Magnetic Dipole

Imagine a rectangular loop ABCD of length L and width W, in a way that it carries the magnitude current I. When this rectangular loop is placed in the magnetic field, it does not experience a net force but a torque, similar to electric dipoles. Consider that the rectangular loop is in the plane with the magnetic field B. There is no external force exerted on loop arms that are parallel to the magnet. However, the arms that are placed perpendicularly to magnets experience force denoted as F1. 

F1 = I LB

Similarly, a different expression can be written for force F2 as

F2 = -ILB

Therefore, both equation can be written as 

|F2| = |F1| 

Also, the Torque is supposed to rotate the loop in the opposite direction or anti-clockwise direction. 

As mentioned, these forces are collinear and equal opposite at all points; they can cancel each other’s effects which results in Torque or zero-force. These arm forces are denoted by F1 and F2 and are opposite in direction and equal in magnitude. 

It is given by, 

F1 = F2 

The Magnetic Moment 

In mathematically speaking, the magnetic moment of the torque on the current loop can be calculated as the product of the area of the rectangular loop and the current flowing in the loop. This can be denoted as 

m = IA

Here, A is defined as the vector quantity with the magnitude same as the area of the rectangular loop; however, its directions are given by using the right-hand thumb rule. In the earlier equation, it was evident that the torque exerted on a current-carrying coil placed in a magnetic field can be given by the magnetic field and the magnetic moment’s vector product. 

τ = m x B

Magnetic Dipole Moment 

A Magnetic Dipole Moment can be defined as the quantity which represents the magnetic strength and orientation of a magnet or any other object that produces a magnetic field. In all, a magnetic moment is referred to a magnetic dipole moment, the magnetic moment component of which can be represented easily by a magnetic dipole. A magnetic dipole is a magnetic south pole and a magnetic north pole which are separated by a very small distance.

The unit of dipole moment in meter–kilogram– second–ampere measurement system is ampere-square meter.  The unit of dipole moment in CGS measurement system, is the erg (unit of energy) per gauss (unit of magnetic flux density). 

Describe the magnetic dipole moment of a current loop 

The magnetic dipole moment of a current loop carrying current I with area A is given as the magnitude of m: |m| = IA

Describe how an atom behaves as a magnetic dipole?

In a closed orbit, electrons in the atom revolve around nucleus. The orbit around the nucleus is equivalent to a current loop as the electrons are charged particles. the current revolves in the clockwise whereas the electrons revolve in anticlockwise direction. This electron movement creates a north and a south pole resulting in the behavior of the atom as the magnetic dipole. 

Conclusion 

Torque on Current Loop, Magnetic Dipole moment is one of the basic and most important concepts. The  torque on the current loop magnetic dipole can be described as a rotational motion to an object. A Magnetic Dipole Moment can be defined as the quantity which represents the magnetic strength and orientation of a magnet or any other object that produces a magnetic field.