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In this article, you will get to know about molar conductivity. What is the ionic solution? Moreover, the ways to determine the conductivity of ionic solutions. At first, we will understand the two types of compounds, namely, ionic and covalent.
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The properties of ionic and covalent compounds vary according to different factors, which we will be discussing in this article. Let us first understand what ionic solutions are and any difference between ions and electrolytes. So, let us dive in together.Â
Ionic solutions
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The ionic solution is defined as the type of solution that contains ions for the conduction of electricity through them. Whenever an electrolyte breaks into a solution, it disintegrates into ions. The electrolytes which break into ions can only conduct electricity in molten or aqueous forms. These types of ions do not conduct electricity in the solid form. There are various ionic solutions like KNO3, NaCl, KCl, etc.Â
Factors affecting the conductivity of Ionic Solutions
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The conductivity of ionic solutions helps in the formation of batteries and other important devices. The conductivity of an ionic solution depends on various factors.Â
Concentration of Ions
The main reason behind the conduction of electricity is the ions. As you increase the number of ions in a solution, the conductivity of these solutions will also increase. Due to the increased number of ions, there will be more carriers of charge, which will help the solution conduct better.Â
Nature of Electrolyte
The nature of electrolytes varies with the conductance of ionic solution. As there will be more dissociation of ions in the solution, there will be an increase in the number of ions in the solution, which indicates the name conductivity of ionic solutions. Let us take an example of the compound CH3COOH. The acetic acid has a very small degree of separation, which is why there are fewer ions of acetic acid in the solution.
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All compounds of these types with a small degree of separation fall into the category of weak electrolytes. However, the electrolytes like KNO3 have a high degree of dissociation, due to which they can easily break into ions. The solution would contain more ions as compared to other solutions. These types of solutions that contain compounds of a high degree of dissociation are termed good ionic solutions.Â
Temperature
Temperature plays a crucial role in the formation of an ionic solution. According to the observations, if you increase the temperature of a solution, then better will be the solubility of ions in the solution. The more solubility of ions will result in increased ionic conduction.Â
Molar conductivity
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When you dissolve one mole of an electrolyte in a solution, the power of conducting a solution is termed molar conductivity. The molar conductivity of ionic solution depends upon various factors. To calculate the conducting electricity of an ionic solution, molar conductivity comes into play. The formula of molar conductivity is.Â
Measurement of the conductivity of Ionic Solutions
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For the measurement of the molar conductivity of ionic solution, we take the help of a Wheatstone bridge. In order to calculate the unknown resistance, a Wheatstone bridge is the only option.Â
The conductivity cell comprises two platinum electrodes with a coating of platinum black. The area of cross-section of the electrodes is “A”, and the distance between them is “l”. Hence, the resistance of the column of the solution will be.Â
R=P(l/A)
Conclusion
Conductivity is the reverse of resistivity and its unit is ohm-1 cm-1 .In SI units, l is addressed in m, and the space of the cross-area in m2, bringing about conductivity upsides of Sm-1. The substance controls the greatness of conductivity. The ionic solution is a solution containing ions for the conduction of electricity through them. Molar conductivity, also known as molar conductance, is a kind of electrical conductivity. It is the leading force of the relative multitude of particles made by dissolving one mole of an electrolyte in an arrangement.
