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Environmental pollution leads to unhealthy effects on animals, humans and plants. The substances that cause environmental pollution are known as pollutants. These substances can be in solid, gaseous, or liquid states. They are present in nature in larger concentrations and result in pollution. Some harmful substances are plastic materials, chemicals, nuclear waste, DDT, and industrial waste.
Strategies to Control Environmental Pollution
Several environmentalists and scientists are working to execute unique strategies to combat environmental pollution. The household, mining, industrial, agriculture, and medical wastes need to be disposed of appropriately. The irregular disposal of these scraps is the main reason for environmental pollution.
Discharge of waste and inefficient disposal of waste causes pollution. Appropriate pollution control strategies and adequate waste management are necessary to tackle pollution.
Waste Collection
Proper waste collection is an important strategy to control environmental pollution. The municipal workers collect the household waste and dump it at the disposal sites where the waste is categorised and segregated into two categories, non-biodegradable and biodegradable. Non-biodegradable waste such as plastic bags, bottles, and other items are transferred for recycling. In contrast, biodegradable waste such as vegetable and fruit peels and eggshells are subjected to composting.
If the waste is not collected appropriately for removal, it goes into the sewers. Non-biodegradable waste such as metal scrap and plastic bags choke the sewers and lead to incontinence. Some waste is consumed by the cattle and may be life-threatening.
Waste Disposal
Efficient waste disposal is a crucial strategy to control environmental pollution. Suppose techniques for waste management are not executed. In that case it may cause epidemics due to contamination of the groundwater leading to water pollution, posing health risks to the people who dispose of waste.
Inappropriate waste disposal may lead to the escape of poisonous gases into the environment and result in air pollution. The hazardous gases released by the industries and vehicles indirectly or directly affect human beings and cause air pollution.
Spreading waste should be strictly prevented. We should encourage carpooling and public transport and start using alternatives such as electric vehicles to reduce vehicular emission. Renewable sources of fuel will help make our earth a healthier and safer place to live.
Waste Management
Efficient waste disposal is crucial to reduce environmental pollution. “Swachh Bharat” mission is a good initiative taken by the government of India for a clean India. This mission comprises two programs, SBM-U and SBM-G. The main objective of SBM-U was to make Urban India free from open defecation and achieve 100% scientific management of solid wastes in the country. In contrast, SBM-G aimed to improve the general condition of life in rural areas by improving cleanliness and hygiene and abolishing open defecation.
Control Strategies of air pollution
The use of fossil fuels is an important strategy to reduce air pollution. Few pollution control strategies are listed below.
- Take walks or use bicycles instead of driving bikes or cars, when possible.
- Choose public vehicle over commercial or own automobiles
- Turn the electric items like a fan and light off when the room is empty
- Replace energy-consuming incandescent bulbs with some portable LEDs or fluorescent bulbs
- Head for natural reserves like solar or windmill plants to use electricity
- Grow more trees as they naturally purify the air.
Conclusion
Strategies to control environmental pollution include appropriate waste management with the collection and disposal of waste and recycling the non-biodegradable waste. These strategies help in environmental sustainability.
