concept of formal and informal communication

Communication is one of the essential components for the flow of information in an organisation. Good communication is essential for the smooth functioning of a company. When a company or team communicates effectively, information flows freely and smoothly from side to side and top to bottom. In every collaborative project, effective communication is essential. Workplace interactions are no different. Business communication is a critical component of day-to-day efficiency. Workflows (as the name implies) flow when everyone understands their respective duties and responsibilities.

Similarly, employees feel free to express their thoughts, ideas, and concerns then relationships strengthen, employee satisfaction soars, and productivity soars. The workplace is, at its core, an interactive space. As a result, the workplace should be an environment that is based on successful communication.

What is formal and informal communication?

Formal Communication

Formal communication is described as communication through established channels or methods. Official communication is another name for it. The fundamental goal of this communication is to converse appropriately and ensure that the information reaches its intended destination. This communication technique is deemed effective because it saves time due to its structured flow of information. Some examples of official communication are reports, job descriptions, work orders, sales and inventory information. Upward, downward, vertical, and horizontal are the four types of formal communication. Formal communication includes conversations between superiors and subordinates. One of the biggest drawbacks of formal communication is the rigidity of the norms and regulations.

Types of formal communication

• Vertical Communication: This type of communication occurs at many levels within a company. The message is handed down from juniors to team members to the management.

• Horizontal communication: occurs when peers from the same or other departments communicate with one another.

• Diagonal communication: occurs when subordinates working at different levels communicate with each other. A graphic designer, for example, may communicate with the sales manager.

• Upward Communication: Information is conveyed from a lower to a higher level, i.e., from subordinates to superiors, in this type of communication. This type of communication boosts employee morale.

• Downward Communication: This type of communication involves the flow of information from a higher to a lower level.

Informal Communication

Informal communication is described as communication that takes place without formal means. People/subordinates do not adhere to the organisation’s strict guidelines. People are free to talk without being tethered. On a corporate level, informal communication is spontaneous communication in which subordinates and superiors can freely converse. There are no official communication rules, systems, or guidelines. Informal communication can be as simple as talking to a friend or family member. One of the most significant advantages of informal communication is its adaptability. There are no formalities or rigidities to obstruct communication. Grapevine communication is a sort of informal communication that is widely used.

Types of informal communication

• Single Chain: Person A transfers information to person B, who then passes it on to person C in a single chain of communication. In informal conversation, this is how the single-chain moves.

• Gossip Chain: A person distributes information to multiple individuals in this type of communication. Those individuals pass it on to a number of others. This is how the rumour mill operates.

• Cluster Chain: A cluster chain occurs when two or three persons start a trend that is picked up by others. A prominent example of a cluster chain is social media when one individual starts a trend/challenge and others follow.

What is the difference between Formal and informal communication?

Conclusion

These are the major types of formal and informal communication. Both sorts of communication are essential to improve the atmosphere and fulfil the company’s objectives. Employee morale is raised, and the organisation achieves its goal. Formal and informal communication are intertwined. As a result, both formal and informal communication is required for the organisation’s smooth and efficient operation.