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Sound is produced by mechanical energy and vibrations produced by numerous bodies and objects, as we all know. Different things create these noises at different frequencies; some are amplified, while others are compressed. Some sounds reach the listener directly, while others are reflected and transmitted. Furthermore, when sound travels from one medium to another, some qualities of the sound alter.
When sound waves are reflected several times, echo and reverberation phenomena occur. These are all linked to one another. The echo can be thought of as a continuation of reverberation.
Acoustic Waves Introduction
It is possible to think about acoustic waves in the atmosphere as minor disturbances on a background fluid that is similar to how water waves can be thought of as disturbances on a placid surface. The equations of fluid dynamics can be linearised to obtain the ‘acoustic wave equation,’ which is the conventional mathematical description of acoustic pressure waves.
Acoustic Waves
Acoustic waves are a type of energy propagation that occurs through a medium as a result of adiabatic compression and decompression, as opposed to electromagnetic waves. Acoustic pressure, particle velocity, particle displacement, and acoustic intensity are all important quantities in the description of acoustic waves, and each has its own meaning. Any source of vibration can cause an acoustic wave, which is a longitudinal wave generated as a result of the vibration (such as a machine). Sound Waves are acoustic waves that can be heard by a normal human ear and are classified as such.
Reverberation And Echo
Sound is a mechanical wave that goes from one spot to another through a medium. This motion via a medium occurs when one medium particle interacts with its neighbouring particle, transferring mechanical motion and energy to it. A mechanical wave is defined as the transmission of mechanical energy through a material via particle interaction.
When a sound wave approaches the end of its medium, it exhibits a number of distinct characteristics. There is likely to be some transmission/refraction, reflection, and/or diffraction at the end of the medium, whether it is indicated by a wall, a canyon cliff, or the contact with water. Sound waves reflected off of barriers cause various visible phenomena, which you have most likely witnessed. If you’ve ever been inside a major canyon, you’ve probably heard an echo caused by sound waves bouncing off the canyon walls. Let’s say you’re in a canyon and you holler. Shortly after the holler, you’d hear the holler’s echo – a faint sound that sounded similar to the original. This echo is caused by sound bouncing off distant canyon walls and eventually returning to your ear. If the canyon wall is more than 17 metres away from where you are standing, the sound wave will reflect and return to you in more than 0.1 seconds. There will be a short temporal delay between the perception of the original sound and the perception of the reflected sound because sound perception lasts only 0.1 seconds in memory. As a result, we refer to the experience of a reflected sound wave as an echo.
A reverberation is not the same as an echo. When the reflected sound wave hits your ear less than 0.1 second after the initial sound wave, you can hear a reverberation. There is no time delay between the perception of the reflected sound wave and the perception of the original sound wave since the original sound wave is still stored in memory. The two sound waves tend to merge into a single, extremely lengthy sound wave. You’ve probably experienced a reverberation if you’ve ever sung in the shower. The sound you hear is the result of the noises you make being reflected and mixed with the original sounds. As the shower walls are normally less than 17 metres apart, the reflected sound waves combine with your initial sound waves to generate a reverberation, which lasts for a long time.
Difference Between Eco and Reverberation
Although both are caused by the reflection of sound waves, there are a few distinctions that help distinguish between echo and reverberation:
Echo | Reverberation |
occurs as a result of sound being reflected off surfaces such as walls, furniture, and other objects | Multiple reflections of sound waves from surfaces like walls, furniture, and other items generate it. |
There is a distinct sound heard | Depending on the surrounding reflection mediums, it may be obvious or unclear. |
Between the source and the reflecting body, a distance of about 17m is required | . In the case of reverberation, the distance between the source and the reflecting surface is very small. |
It is only heard twice or three times. | As a continuous sound, it is heard several times |
It is created regardless of surface, and it is heard effectively in both open and confined places. | It occurs predominantly in enclosed spaces and is more easily heard on closed surfaces |
Conclusion
As we conclude that echo helps in many ways as it determines our heart’s ability to pump blood. Echo can also assist your doctor in determining the origin of abnormal heart sounds like heart murmurs. Extra or unexpected sounds heard during the heartbeat are known as cardiac murmurs. Some heart murmurs are harmless, while others indicate a problem with the heart.
