Know All About Electric Field

There is an electric field around any charge that exists in any form in space. It’s a completely electric process. The electric force per unit charge is also referred to as this. Electric fields play a significant role in many areas of physics and are used in electrical technologies. The electric field, for example, is what holds the nucleus and electrons together in atoms in atomic physics and chemistry. Chemical bonding between atoms in molecules is also controlled by this force.

“Electricity” is derived from the Greek word “Elektron,” which means “amber.” Materials, atoms, and molecules have magnetic and electric forces that influence their properties. There are only two types of entities that are referred to as “electric charge.” An experiment revealed two types of electrification: the first involves like charges repelling each other, and the second involves unlike charges attracting each other. The polarity of charge is the defining characteristic of these two types of charges.

Field

We don’t need direct physical contact to apply force to some physical events or qualities. When we move two magnets closer together, we notice a push or a pull depending on the poles, but one thing is certain: they exert force without even coming into physical touch. We use the concept of field to comprehend these types of forces. For example, a charge stored in space will generate a field that will indicate its presence in space, and any other charge kept in that charge’s field will experience some force.

Electric Field

An electric charge held in space produces an electric field in the surrounding space. If any additional charge is placed at a location in that field, it will be subjected to a force that is proportional to the strength of the field at that point. The charge generates the field, which extends to infinity. In order to better grasp the field, we also use the concept of electric field lines.

It is a Vector Quantity. Its SI unit isNC-1.

E=Fq0

Here, q0 is the test charge whose magnitude approaches to Zero.

Electric Field Lines

Electric field lines, also known as electric lines of force, are a hypothetical idea used to explain the concept of electric field. Electric field lines depict the electric field in terms of size and direction. The number of electric field lines that emerge or sink in a charge is proportional to the charge’s magnitude.

Electric field lines can be straight or curved, but they can’t be a closed curve since they can’t emerge and sink at the same time because they emerge from positive charge and sink from negative charge. Electric field lines cannot connect because the net electric field at the site of intersection will have two directions, which is not conceivable.

Coulomb’s Law

The magnitude of the electrostatic force of attraction or repulsion between two electrically charged bodies is directly proportional to the product of the charged bodies’ charges and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between the charged bodies’ centers, according to Coulomb’s law.

The law is also known as Coulomb’s inverse-square law because of its inverse-square relationship.

Hence it is calculated as 

F=Q1Q24π0rd2

The above equation is the formula for Coulomb’s Law. This formula allows us to calculate the electrostatic force that two charges exert on each other.

Gauss Law

The entire electric flux out of a closed surface is equal to the charge enclosed divided by the permittivity, or the total flux linked with a surface is 10 times the charge enclosed by the closed surface, according to Gauss’ law.

Coulomb’s law can also be used to determine the electric field, however Gauss law is simpler.

Electric Potential

The electric potential is the amount of work required to get a positive unit charge from infinity to the electric field’s point of impact. An area of electric potential develops as an electrically charged particle moves. The electric potential is calculated as follows:

E×r=vE×r=v

Insights on Electric Field

The electric field is the result of a modified electric force experienced by a unit positive charge.

This is how the electric field can be understood. At a point, place a unit positive test charge. Then, near the test charger, a charge of greater magnitude is purchased. Because of the influence of the electric field of the other charge, the test charge will either experience a pull or a push. 

The electric field at that place is equal to the force experienced by the test charge divided by the magnitude of the test charger. The direction of the electric field determines the direction of force experienced by the test charge. Even if the test charge is removed, the electric field remains.

Conclusion

There is an electric field around any charge that exists in any form in space. It’s a completely electric process. The electric force per unit charge is also referred to as this. Electric fields play a significant role in many areas of physics and are used in electrical technologies. An electric charge held in space produces an electric field in the surrounding space. If any additional charge is placed at a location in that field, it will be subjected to a force that is proportional to the strength of the field at that point.

Electric field lines, also known as electric lines of force, are a hypothetical idea used to explain the concept of electric field. Electric field lines depict the electric field in terms of size and direction. The number of electric field lines that emerge or sink in a charge is proportional to the charge’s magnitude.

The magnitude of the electrostatic force of attraction or repulsion between two electrically charged bodies is directly proportional to the product of the charged bodies’ charges and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between the charged bodies’ centers, according to Coulomb’s law.