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In every area of information and idea exchange, communication networks are critical. Because communication systems comprise multiple pieces, it is important to ensure that the chain of those elements is not disrupted while sending the message.
Communication System
The exchange of information or ideas between two entities is defined as a communication system. Receiving, sending, and processing information are all part of the communication systems process, which involves the flow of both formal and informal information. Employees and managers may communicate within the company or with those outside the company. It can take the form of a written, visual, verbal, or nonverbal message.
The sharing of ideas, the transmission of information, and the comprehension of other entities are all goals of the communication process. As a result, data is passed from one location to another, from the receiver to the sender.
In the process of communication systems, numerous aspects are involved. However, the ultimate goal remains the transmission of data from sender to the receiver.
Types of Communication System
There are two types of communication system which are given as
- Digital Communication System
- Analog Communication System
Analog Communication System
Data is transmitted between the transmitter and receiver using analogue signals in analogue communication. Analog signals can carry any form of data. Any data must first be transformed to an electric form before being transferred across a communication link. Analog communication employs a continuous signal whose amplitude, phase, or other attribute changes with time in proportion to a variable.
Digital Communication System
For communication between the source and destination in digital communication, a digital signal is employed rather than an analogue signal. Rather than being continuous values, the digital signal has discrete values. Physical data transfer occurs in digital communication in the form of a digital bit stream, that is 0 or 1, through a point-to-point or point-to-multipoint transmission medium. In digital communication, data may be divided down into packets and sent as discrete messages, which is not possible in analogue communication.
Elements of Communication System
It is important to understand the fundamental terminology which is involved in any communication system.
There are many elements of the communication system which are given here.
Information
The message or information is the entity to be given. Music, video, temperature, picture, pressure are common information.
Signal
Any audio, video, or audio-visual information made cannot be directly shared. It should first be converted to an electronic format. A ‘Signal’ is the name given to this electronic form. The entire audio-visual system is converted to binary because electronics only employ 1s and 0s (with 1 indicating ‘on’ or ‘high’ and 0 indicating ‘off’ or ‘low.’) In the electrical medium, a ‘signal’ is a binary form.
Transducer
Transducer is a machine that converts one form of energy into another. Physical elements like pressure, force, and temperature are converted into electrical signal variations using an electrical transducer. Examples include a microphone and a photodetector.
Amplifier
The practice of utilising an electrical circuit to raise the amplitude of a signal is known as amplification. The amplitude of a signal is a measurement of its strength. Amplification is accomplished by using an amplifier, which is a kind of electrical circuit. When the distance between the source and the receiver becomes too far, the signals that reach the receiver become too weak; an amplifier can be employed to ensure that the receiver receives strong signals.
Modulator
The majority of the data/messages are sent at low frequencies, which suffer from substantial attenuation and have a short range. To overcome the problem of severe attenuation, the original low-frequency data is overlaid on a high-frequency carrier wave which transmits the data. This is considered as Modulation.
Demodulator
The process of extracting information from a carrier wave at a receiver is known as demodulation. The reversal of modulation process is the demodulation.
Transmitter
Transmitter is the device which converts a communication signal into a format that is suitable for transmission and subsequent reception.
Antenna
An antenna is a structure or device which transmits and receives electromagnetic waves. As a result, they’re used in both transmitters and receivers.
Channel
Channel is defined as the physical medium through which the signal is sent from transmitter to receiver. A wire, cables, or space are some examples of channels.
Noise
Noise is defined as unwanted signals that interfere with the transmission and processing of message signals in a communication system. The source of the noise could be from within or without the system.
Attenuation
Attenuation is caused by the medium, which is a problem. A signal’s initial strength decreases when it propagates across a long distance through a medium, depending on the medium’s length. The length of the medium affects the reduction in beginning power. To reduce attenuation, the signal power is increased or amplified by amplifiers. Digital transmissions are less susceptible to attenuation than analogue communications.
Repeater
A repeater is a device which has both a transmitter and a receiver built into it. A repeater receives a signal from transmitter, amplifies it, and retransmits it to the receiver, usually with a carrier frequency change. Repeaters are used to extend the range of a communication system. A communication satellite serves as a repeater station in space.
Receiver
A receiver retrieves the message or information from the supplied signal at the channel’s output end. The original message signal is duplicated in an appropriate format because it is a receiver.
Conclusion
The exchange of information or ideas between two entities is defined as a communication system.
There are two types of communication system which are given as
- Digital Communication System
- Analog Communication System
Data is transmitted between the transmitter and receiver using analogue signals in analogue communication.
For communication between the source and destination in digital communication, a digital signal is employed rather than an analogue signal.
The practice of utilising an electrical circuit to raise the amplitude of a signal is known as amplification.
The process of extracting information from a carrier wave at a receiver is known as demodulation.
Transducer is a machine that converts one form of energy into another.
