Public Deposits

As the name indicates, public deposits are those deposits made directly to an institution by the general public. On deposits of the general public, companies pay higher interest rates than banks. Those who choose to deposit money with an organisation fill out the deposit paperwork. A deposit receipt is a kind of debt acknowledgement issued by a company.

Businesses can fulfil their medium and short-term financial demands by utilising public deposits. Because depositors earn a greater interest rate than banks, the corporations can borrow at a cheaper cost than borrowing from banks. The deposits help both the depositors and the organisation. Accepting public deposits for up to three years is ordinarily permissible.

Merits

• No Security
  

  A public deposit is an unsecured deposit. There is usually no charge on the company’s assets when it comes to public deposits. This means that the company can raise loans based on its assets. The company’s assets can secure any future mortgage. As a result, the company becomes more creditworthy.

• Economical
  

  Public deposits are relatively inexpensive to obtain. Commissions on prospectuses and underwriters are not necessary. A public deposit pays a lower interest rate than a borrowed fund. A public deposit has a lower interest rate than a debenture or loan from a bank. Also, no underwriting commissions, brokerages, etc., are charged. Public deposit interest is tax-deductible, which reduces the tax bill. This results in public deposits being cheaper than private deposits.

• An Easy Procedure
  

  Obtaining and issuing public deposits require fewer legal formalities. In a company’s case, there is no need to get listed on a stock market like shares or debentures, and no permission is required from the controller of capital. Deposits from the public are an excellent source of business financing. There are no complicated legal procedures. Each depositor must simply be given an advertisement and a receipt by the company collecting deposits.

• Diluted in no way
  

  Due to the lack of voting rights for depositors, the organisation’s control does not further erode.

• Equity Trading
  

  Deposits held by the public are paid interest at a fixed rate. As a result, a company can declare higher dividends to equity shareholders during times of good earnings.

• Broad Contacts
  

  An organisation can establish contacts with its target market by depositing public money. As a result, these contacts are helpful in the future if you ever intend to sell shares or debentures.

Demerits

• Limitation

  Legal restrictions limit the number of funds raised through public deposits. The maximum amount of public deposits is 25% of the share capital plus the free reserves. Small and newly founded companies often have difficulty getting funds through public deposits.
  
  

• Irregularities

  Uncertainty and unreliability are the characteristics of public deposits. It is possible that deposits do not respond during a depressed market on the capital market. Additionally, the company’s deposits are not stable. Public funding may not be timely, as the public may be unreactive when a company needs money.
  
  

• An ideal solution for short-term financial needs
  

  The maturity period of public deposits is between six months and three years, so a company cannot rely on them for long-term financing. A large number of public deposits may prove challenging to collect, mainly if the deposits are large.
  
  

• Speculation
  

  Companies with easy access to public funds may be tempted to raise more funds than they can profitably utilise. In some cases, unused funds may be held in reserve for unexpected expenses. The company’s management may engage in over-trading and speculation, which harms the business.
  
  

• Capital market growth hindered by
  

  The presence of public deposits hampers a healthy capital market. Industrial securities are in short supply due to the widespread use of public deposits.

Types of Deposits and Accounts

Savings Bank Account

People who have a regular income and are interested in saving some money should invest in this deposit.

Savings accounts can be funded whenever you choose. Earning interest is based on the rate of interest offered by the bank and is paid on balances in your account. If you wish to withdraw money from this account, you can use an ATM card, write a check, or sign a withdrawal form. Most savings accounts have limits on the number and amount of withdrawals.

Current Account

Current accounts are characterised by fewer restrictions regarding transactions and withdrawals than savings accounts. Demand deposit accounts are another name for current accounts, most commonly used by businessmen for smooth transactions.

It is recommended to choose this account type only if you are a businessman who can conduct multiple transactions daily. With a current account, you won’t get any interest from the banks, and for maintenance and service, you will have to pay a lot of fees.

Recurring Deposit
Account in which monthly deposits are required rather than a lump sum deposit. Minimum monthly deposits start at Rs. 100. Current deposits are offered at different rates by different banks. Depending on the maturity range, a recurring deposit may be due six months to 120 months.

Fixed Deposit
Investments in fixed deposits can be made by banks, other financial institutions, or non-banking financial companies. The returns on a fixed deposit are guaranteed because the money is deposited for a fixed period. Deposits typically earn between 5% and 9% interest. An account with a fixed deposit carries a higher interest rate than a savings account.

In addition, PB FD (Public Bank Fixed Deposit Accounts) are fixed deposit accounts that allow account creation, placements, and withdrawals to be performed online through PBe Online Banking.

PPF Account
The PPF account or Public Provident Fund scheme is a long-term saving-cum-investment account offered to the public by the Finance Ministry of India. The PPF minimum deposit per financial year is Rs. 500. It can go up to Rs. 1.5 lakh even. Furthermore, you can invest a minimum of Rs in terms of investments. 500 and a maximum of Rs. 1,50,000 per financial year.

Conclusion

Digital payments and technological advancements have enabled banks to offer online banking. As well as public deposits and withdrawals, the above types of banks can be opened online. With various public deposits mentioned above, you can save money and get guaranteed returns where you get a reasonable interest rate.