Male Part of the Flower

The flower is described as a modified reproductive shoot of decisive growth, consisting of stamens (microsporophyll) or carpel (megasporophyll) or both and may or may not be associated with auxiliary components such as sepal or leaves to produce fruits and seeds.

Flowers

Flowers come in many shapes, sizes and colours. Not every flower has the kind of functioning parts mentioned above. Plants may produce perfect or imperfect flowers. If a flower has no sepals/ petals/ pistils or stamens, it is an imperfect flower. On the other hand, flowers with both male and female parts – stamens or pistils ,sepal and  petals are called complete flowers, and a flower that lacks either is called an incomplete flower. Plants can also be classified as monoecious or dioecious. Monoecious plants are male and female flowers in one plant. Maize, cucumbers, and oaks are monoecious plants. 

Dioecious plants have male and female flowers on different plants. Soybeans, asparagus, kiwi and hemp are examples of dioecious plants. A good way to differentiate between monocot and dicot is to observe the flower petals. 

Structure of a Flower

As part of the reproductive system of a plant, the flower contains the stamen (part of the male flower) or the pistil (part of the female flower), or both, as well as the active parts such as the sepal, leaves, and nectar.

two parts of a typical stamen – the long and slender stalk called the filament, and the terminal generally bilobed structure called the anther. The proximal end of the filament is attached to the thalamus or the petal of the flower. The number and length of stamens are variable in flowers of different species.

The pistil is the female part of the plant. It is usually shaped like a bowling pin and is in the centre of the flower. It contains stigma, style and ovaries . The stigma is located at the top and is connected in style to the ovary. The ovary contains eggs, which occur in the ovules. When an egg is fertilised, the egg grows into a seed.

Sepals are small, leaf-like structures found under a flower. They protect the flower. Collectively, the sepals are called the calyx. Petals are usually colourful flowers. Like gourd glands, the leaves may be fragrant. Collectively, the leaves are called the corolla. The number of flower petals is often used to help identify plant families and their generation. The flowers of dicots usually have four or five sepals or petals, sometimes more. In monocots, these flower petals usually come in threes.

Basic Parts of a Flower:

Anther: Part of the male reproductive system stamen.

Filament: Part that produces pollen – consists of a slender stalk and the stamen of a flower.

Ovary: A structure that incorporates undeveloped sperm into a plant.

Ovules: The female reproductive cells of a plant.

Petal: One of the modified inner leaves around the breed plant organs; usually brightly colored.

Pistil: The female part of the flower, formed by the ovary, stigma, and style.

Pollen: The male reproductive cells of plants.

Sepal: One of the outer leaves transformed around the breed plant organs; usually green.

Stigma: A sticky knob at the top of the pistil, where pollen is present.

Style: The narrow region in between the ovary.

Stamen: The male part of the flower – composed of anther as well threads; the anther produces pollen.

Male Part of the Flower

In angiosperms, the stamen consists of a long, slender stem and an anther with two holes at the end.A typical angiosperm anther is bilobed with each lobe having two theca, i.e., they are dithecous.Often a longitudinal groove runs lengthwise separating the theca. The bilobed nature of an anther is very distinct in the transverse section of the anther. The anther is a four-sided (tetragonal) structure consisting of four microsporangia located at the corners, two in each lobe. The microsporangia develop further and become pollen sacs. They extend longitudinally all through the length of an anther and are packed with pollen grains.

Small secret structures called nectarines are usually found at the base of the stamens; they provide food for pollinators like insects and birds. All flower stamens are called androecium. 

 The pollen grains represent the male gametophytes. If you touch the opened anthers of Hibiscus or any other flower you would find deposition of yellowish powdery pollen grains on your fingers.Pollen grains are generally spherical measuring about 25-50 micrometres in diameter. It has a prominent two-layered wall. The hard outer layer called the exine is made up of sporopollenin which is one of the most resistant organic materials known. It can withstand high temperatures and strong acids and alkali. No enzyme that degrades sporopollenin is so far known. Pollen grain exine has prominent apertures called germ pores where sporopollenin is absent. Pollen grains are well preserved as fossils because of the presence of sporopollenin. The exine exhibits a fascinating array of patterns and designs.The inner wall of the pollen grain is called the intine. It is a thin and continuous layer made up of cellulose and pectin. When the pollen grain is mature it contains two cells, the vegetative cell and generative cell The vegetative cell is bigger, has abundant food reserve and a large irregularly shaped nucleus.

The number and arrangement of stamens and how anthers release pollen is an important taxonomic feature in many flowering plants. The number of stamens is usually the same as the number of leaves. The presence of multiple stamens is common in many plant families (e.g., Cetacea, Ranunculaceae, and Rosaceae); most orchids have only one stamen. In plants with imperfect flowers (different from the opposite sex), hardy flowers may be carried individually, as in many squash species, or arranged in clusters known as catkins, as is a feature of oak and willow. While many angiosperms anthers release pollen by bursting on one side of each sac, anthers belong to the heath family (Ericaceae), releasing pollen in small holes at the end of the anther. Some flowers produce sterile stamens, also known as staminodes, which may be invisible (e.g., in a cannonball tree).

Conclusion:

As part of the reproductive system of a plant, the flower contains the stamen (part of the male flower) or the pistil (part of the female flower), or both, as well as the active parts such as the sepal, leaves, and nectar.