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Introduction
The phylum Echinodermata is made up entirely of marine species. There have been no traces of terrestrial or freshwater Echinoderms found to date.These organisms are multicellular and have fully developed organ systems. All species in this phylum have the same characteristics.
They’re brightly coloured creatures with unusual shapes. They are crucial in terms of ecology and geology.
Echinoderms can be found in both deep sea and shallow intertidal zones.
The fact that the phylum Echinodermata is entirely made up of marine animals is an intriguing aspect. There are no freshwater or marine organisms among them.
Gaseous exchange, nutrition circulation, and waste disposal are all handled by echinoderms’ water vascular system.
Echinoderms are marine organisms that live in both the deepest parts of the ocean and the intertidal zone.
The fact that all Echinoderms creatures are marine is an intriguing aspect of this phylum. This phylum contains no freshwater or terrestrial creatures.
The echinoderms’ water vascular system is a one-of-a-kind circulatory system. This accounts for gaseous exchange, nutrition circulation, waste disposal, and movement.
There is a central ring canal and radial canals that run the length of each arm in this arrangement. Water circulates via these structures.
The madreporite is a structure found on the body’s surface. This is in charge of water regulation in the water vascular system.
Characteristics of Echinodermata
They are round or elongated and have a star-like appearance
They are only found in the sea
Spiny-skinned creatures are present
They are organised at the organ system level. The majority of members have both a circulatory and digestive system
They have a coelomic cavity and are triploblastic
Calcium carbonate makes up the skeleton
The tube feet make it easier to move about
They reproduce both sexually and asexually through gametic fusion and regeneration. Fertilization is a process that occurs outside of the body
The progression is circumstantial
They have the ability to regenerate
Their sensory organs are underdeveloped. Chemoreceptors, tactile organs, terminal tentacles, and other sensory organs are among them
Classification of Echinodermata
Asteroidea
They have five arms and a flattened, star-shaped body
They have suckers on their tube feet
Papulae allow them to breathe
Calcareous plates and moveable spines make up the body.
There is Pedicellaria present.
For example, Asterias and Zoroaster
Ophiuroidea
With pentamerous discs, the body is flat
There are no suckers on the tube feet
Bursae are the organs that allow them to breathe
The middle disc is separated from the lengthy arms
Example : Ophiderma, Amphiura, etc.
Echinoidea
The human body has a hemispheric shape
Suckers can be found in the tube foot
There are no arms on the body
The skeleton of the body is compact, and the spines are moveable
For example, Echinus and Cidaris
Holothuroidea
The body is cylindrical and long
There are no arms, spines, or pedicellariae
The cloacal respiratory tree is where they breathe
They have suckers on their tube feet
Cucumaria and Holothuria, for example
Crinoidea
The body is fashioned like a star
There are no suckers on the tube feet
The arms are split in two
There are no spines or pedicellariae
For example, Neometra and Antedon
Conclusion
Echinoderms can be found in both deep sea and shallow intertidal zones. The fact that the phylum Echinodermata is entirely made up of marine animals is an intriguing aspect.
There are no freshwater or marine organisms among them.
Echinoderms are marine organisms that live in both the deepest parts of the ocean and the intertidal zone.
The echinoderms’ water vascular system is a one-of-a-kind circulatory system. This accounts for gaseous exchange, nutrition circulation, waste disposal, and movement.
Gaseous exchange, nutrition circulation, and waste disposal are all handled by echinoderms’ water vascular system.
