Bone and Cartilage

Bones and cartilages are two types of connective tissue that can be found in the human body.

Other body tissues are connected and supported by connective tissues. The Extracellular Matrix, or ECM, surrounds the loosely packed cells in this form of tissue. 

The connective tissue is made up of live cells in this matrix. Both bones and cartilages are required to preserve the body’s critical interior organs. 

They also give binding and support, as well as aid in the movement of our body organs.

It’s critical to understand the distinction between cartilage and bone. A Cartilage is a type of connective tissue that is thin, flexible, and resistant to compressive forces.

Bones are rigid, brittle, and brittle. They have a lot of blood vessels and are very robust. Bones give skeletal stability, whereas cartilages provide cushion-like padding for lengthy bones.

Bone

Bones are living tissues that continue to grow. In vertebrates, they help to build the skeletal system. 

Collagen, a protein, is used to make them. Bones safeguard the body’s numerous organs and serve as a structural support system. 

They can also store minerals and produce red and white blood cells. Internally and externally, they have a complicated structure. 

There are 206 bones in an adult human body. Bones from the following animals are included:

• The jawbone is a bone that is found in the skull.
• The spine is made up of the cervical, thoracic, and lumbar vertebrae, as well as the sacrum and tailbone.
• The breastbone and ribs are in the centre of the chest (sternum)
• Scapula, clavicle, humerus, radius, and ulna are the bones of the upper arm.
• The bones of the wrist are the carpals, metacarpals, and phalanges.
• Bones in the hips (pelvis).
• The bones that make up the legs are the femur (thigh bone), patella (kneecap), tibia (shin bone), and fibula (fibula).
• The bones that make up the feet are the tarsals, metatarsals, and phalanges.
• The various types of bones

Special bone cells known as osteoblasts, osteocytes, and osteoclasts are found in the dense connective tissue that makes up bones. A healthy circulatory system ensures that bones receive plenty of blood. 

They have a high compressive strength and the ability to self-create and replace. Calcium Phosphate, a mineral found in bones, is also an important mineral. 

They have the ability to retain calcium while also releasing some of it into the bloodstream. The longest bone in the human body is the thigh bone, or Femur. The human ear’s tiniest bone is called the stapes.

4 types of bone

• Long bone: This is a long and thin bone. Arm and leg bones are two examples of this (excluding the wrists, ankles, and kneecaps). Long bones serve as levers, facilitating movement with muscle support. 
• Short bones have a squat and cubed shape. Short bones make up the wrists and ankles. 
• Flat bone: A flat bone has a flattened, broad surface. The ribs, shoulder blades, breastbone, and cranial bones are only a few examples. 
• Irregular bone: This type of bone has a shape that is not one of the three types listed above. The bones of the spine (vertebrae) are a fantastic illustration of how to be strong while keeping light.

Cartilage

Cartilage is a flexible connective tissue that can be found in many places of the body. It has the ability to bend but not stretch. The main purpose of cartilage is to link the bones of the body.

 Cartilages can be present in the elbows, knees, ankles, rib cage, spinal discs, ear, nose, throat, and bronchioles, among other places. 

Cartilage is a sturdy, flexible, and flexible semi-rigid supporting tissue. It has the ability to withstand compression while simultaneously bending. 

Chondroblasts and chondrocytes make up the extracellular matrix, which is made up of roughly 10% aggrecan, 75% water, and a mixture of collagen fibres and other components (chondro – cartilage). 

Cartilages soften the impact of bones on the joints, allowing them to move freely.

Types of cartilage

•  Fibrocartilage is the tough material that makes up the intervertebral discs, as well as the intra articular cartilages of the knee, wrist, and temporo-mandibular joints, as well as the clavicle-sternum joint. 
• Hyaline cartilage is a type of cartilage that is made up of Hyaline cartilage tissue is a type of cartilage tissue. It’s the most common type of cartilage, and it has a shiny, smooth appearance. Hyaline cartilage is found around the bones of free-moving joints. This is referred to as articular cartilage. Another example of hyaline cartilage is the tissue present in the walls of the respiratory tract. Bronchi, nose, trachea rings, and rib points are all examples of this. Cartilage that is elastic 
• The chondrocytes are found in a threadlike network of elastic fibres within the matrix of elastic cartilage.

Conclusion

Other body tissues are connected and supported by connective tissues. The Extracellular Matrix, or ECM, surrounds the loosely packed cells in this form of tissue. 

Intercellular material surrounds the cells and tissues of bone, whereas cartilage is a thin, fibrous tissue that forms cushioning at the ends of long bones

The connective tissue is made up of live cells in this matrix. Both bones and cartilages are required to preserve the body’s critical interior organs.