Concepts of Input and Output in Logical Reasoning

The Input-Output reasoning problems, like computers, are dependent on an Input that is presented in the form of numbers and words. These words or numbers produce an output in a specific format.

First Input to machine and then Output

The question in Government examinations has one input, followed by the processes taken to obtain an Output, and finally the final Output.

You must first comprehend the logic behind the problems before you can solve them. To avoid getting stuck in the middle, it is critical that you first understand the concept before beginning to solve the questions.

Input-Output reasoning question and explanation

Directions: Carefully read the following information and answer the questions that follow.

When given a specific input, a number arrangement machine rearranges it according to a set of rules.

The input and layout phases are depicted in the diagram below.

Input: 567 873 751 239 912 262 492 712 183 376

Step I: 567 378 157 239 129 226 249 127 138 367

Step II: 29 17 02 15 07 10 14 05 05 15

Step III: 21 97 01 25 01 70 10 45 01 55

Step IV: 03 16 01 07 01 07 01 09 01 10

Step V: 5 4 4 5 1

Step VI: 1 4 4 5 5

Step VI is the final step of the rearrangement, which ensures that the intended layout is achieved.

Explanation: Certain procedures are required to reach the ultimate output in Step VI. The digits of each number are assembled in ascending sequence beginning with Step I. For instance, the number 567 is already in ascending sequence. The second number, 873, is sometimes rewritten as 378.

Step II subtracts the middle digit from the product of the first and last digits in any number. Example: 5 * 7-6 = 29; 5 * 7 = 35; 35-6 = 29. 378 is similar; 3*8-7 = 17.

The logic employed in Step III is as follows: Take the pair from the left side, and utilise the initial digits of the pair to construct the number. If the first digit of 29 is 2 and the first digit of 17 is 1 , then the pair is 29 and 17. Thus, the first number obtained in Step III, 21, is obtained by merging these two digits. The second number in the sequence is 97, which is made up of the second digits of the same pair. The third and fourth digits , 01 and 25, are produced from the pair 02 and 15.

The digits of a number are added up in Step IV. 2+1=3, 9+7=16, and so on.

Make pairs of the integers in Step V, then add up the individual digits of the pair starting from the left and divide by 2 . Add the numerals together, for example, 0+3+1+6=10. Divide the total of the digits by 2 to get the answer. Thus, 10/2=5.

Similarly, 0+1+0+7=8 in 01 and ; 8/2=4 in 08.

The final step, Step VI, involves rearranging all of the numbers in ascending order. As a result, the ultimate output is 1, 4, 4, 5, 5.

Tips and tricks to solve the input-output reasoning questions

• The first and most crucial step is to read the question carefully and analyse the processes that are the subject of the Output. You’ll be able to find out what pattern is being used to generate the result after you’ve thoroughly analyzed the phases.
• Only glancing at Steps 1 and 2 will allow you to recognise the pattern that will be followed.
• Because the time to solve the input could be greater, solving the question in tabular form would make the answer considerably more sophisticated.
• If you try to answer these questions verbally, you can miss a few terms and steps, leading to wrong responses.
• If you’ve worked out the question’s pattern, try applying it to the input to solve it.
• This topic will help you improve your exam score. You’re done once you’ve figured out what kind of inquiries are asked about this subject.
• Increase your practice time.

Conclusion

Children can use input and output reasoning skills to see things from multiple perspectives. Empathy and understanding are developed as a result of this. They promote creativity by assisting children in identifying connections and taking a holistic approach to situations.