Q. Which of the following international conventions have not been ratified by India?
1. Employment Policy Convention
2. Abolition of Forced Labour Convention
3. International Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families
4. Geneva Convention Relative to the Protection of Civilian Persons in Time of War
5. Convention on Reduction of Statelessness

Select the answer using the code given below:
(a) 2 and 4
(b) 1 and 2
(c) 3 and 4 only
(d) 3, 4 and 5

Answer : NA

Explanation:

The question asks which conventions India has NOT ratified.

Statement 1 is not correct:

• Employment Policy Convention (ILO C-122): India has ratified this convention.
• India ratified ILO Convention C-122 on 17 November 1998.
• Therefore, Statement 1 is not among the unratified list.

Statement 2 is not correct:

• Abolition of Forced Labour Convention (ILO C-105): India has ratified this convention.
• C-105 is one of the six core ILO conventions ratified by India.
• This was confirmed by the Ministry of Labour & Employment (PIB, 2017).
• Therefore, Statement 2 is not among the unratified list.

Statement 3 is correct:

• International Convention on Migrant Workers: India has not ratified this convention.
• India has neither signed nor ratified the UN International Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families (1990).
• Therefore, Statement 3 belongs in the answer.

Statement 4 is not correct:

• Geneva Convention IV (Civilian Persons): India has ratified this convention.
• India ratified all four 1949 Geneva Conventions in 1960, becoming the 5th country in the world to do so.
• Geneva Convention IV on civilian persons is included.

Note: The official UPSC answer being (d) including Statement 4 is factually contestable — India has ratified Geneva Convention IV. Aspirants should be aware of this discrepancy and note the factual position.

Statement 5 is correct:

• Convention on Reduction of Statelessness (1961): India has not ratified this convention.
• India is not among the 78 state parties to the 1961 UN Convention on the Reduction of Statelessness.
• Therefore, Statement 5 belongs in the answer.

Thus, the answer should ideally be Statements 3 and 5, but no such option is given.

Source:
egyankosh.ac.in/bitstream/123456789/40158/1/Unit-7.pdf
treaties.un.org/pages/showdetails.aspx