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Finance commission

Article 280 of the Indian constitution talks about the finance commission. It is a quasi judicial body and is formed by the president of India after every five year.The first finance commission chairman was KC Neogy.

Composition

  • Chairman and four members every one is appointed by the president of India,
  • They hold the office for the time the president wishes 
  • They are eligible for reappointment
  • Parliament has the power to decode the manner of selection of the members of the ciace commission.
  • There are specific criteria for each member and the chairman. The chairman should be a person having experience in public affairs. While the other four members are – judge of HC or qualified for the post, a person with expertise in finance and accounts, a person who has wide experience in financial matters , an expert in economics 

Functions of finance commission

  • Distribution of net proceeds between centre and state and further allocation among different states.
  • The principles governing grants in aid to the states
  • The ,measures needed to increase the Consolidated fund of the states
  •  Matters referred by the president of India 

National commission on scheduled castes 

The national commission of scheduled castes is a constitutional body that was established by the article 338 of constitution.Initially the article was for the appointment of the special officer for scheduled castes and tribes and matters related to their safeguards but later in the 1978 the government set up a body which was reamed and further modified as the national commission was scheduled tribes and scheduled castes in the year 1987.The 65th constitutional amendment act provided for the development of a multi member body and finally in the year 2003 via the 89th constitutional amendment act the national commission for scheduled tribes and scheduled castes was bifurcated . The separate commission came into being in the year 2004.

Functions and powers of National Commission for SC ‘s

  • Investigation of matters related to safeguard of sc’s 
  • Evaluation of working of safeguard
  • Planning and advising on socio-economic development of scs 
  • Evaluation of development 
  • Submission of a report regarding the safeguards to the president
  • Make recommendations regarding the effective implementation of safeguards
  • Other functions related to the welfare and protection of sc’s

National commission for scheduled tribe powers

The powers of national commission of schedule tribes are as follows-:

  • Summoning the attendance of any person
  • Requiring the production of any document 
  • Receiving evidence of affidavits
  • Issuing summons for examination of witness
  • Other matters referred by the president 

National commission for scheduled tribes 

National commission for scheduled tribes is a constitutional body that was directly established by the article 338A. The separate commission came into existence in 2004.

Composition

  1. The chairperson and other three members are all appointed by the president .
  2. Their conditions of service are also determined by the president.

Functions of the national  commission  for scheduled tribes

The functions of the body are as follows :

  • Inquire into complaints with respect to deprivation of rights
  • Investigate and monitor matters related to legal safeguards
  • Advise and recommend on socio-economic development of the ST’s
  • Discharge other functions related to the welfare of ST’s
  • Measures to reduce and eliminate shifting cultivation
  • Measures regarding forest produce rights 
  • Cooperation with ST’s with regard to forest conservation measures
  • Measures for better rehabilitation of tribes due to developmental projects
  • Measures to protect tribal mineral rights
  • Measures to be taken to prevent the alienation of tribal population

Conclusion

Finance commission, national commission for SC and National commission of ST all are constitutional bodies and are mentioned in the constitution. The finance commission is mentioned in Article 280. It is a quasi judicial body and is formed by the president of India after every five year.The national commission of scheduled castes  was established by the article 338 of constitution and National commission for scheduled tribes  was directly established by the article 338A.