The Slave dynasty was also the first ruler of the Delhi Sultanate, a Muslim empire in north India. This dynasty was known as the Sultanate. Because a sultan ruled it, the kingdom was known as a sultanate. The Slave dynasty got its name because its sultans were either slaves or slaves of Muslim generals. Slavery was a major component of the democratic structure in eastern Muslim nations.  Slaves, most of whom were of Turkish origin, were educated to be loyal professionals in warfare and government. Mamluks were a type of slave soldier. Being a slave like this was regarded gentlemanly.

What was The Slave Dynasty? 

The Indian slave dynasty reigned from 1206 to 1290. The slave dynasty was India’s first Muslim empire. Sultan Qutbuddin Aibak established it. It has been said that Muhammad Ghori had no natural son and treated his slaves as if they were his children.  Following Ghori’s death, the throne passed to one of the most capable slaves, Qutub-ud-din Aibak. The slave rulers were the slaves of Muslim generals. The three great sultans were Qutb-ud-din Aibak, Shams-ud-din Iltutmush, and Ghiyas-ud-din Balban.

Qutub-ud-din Aibak, the first leader of the slave dynasty, lasted from 1206 to 1210. He set up his capital in two locations, first in Lahore and then in Delhi. During his empire, the establishment of the iconic Qutub Minar began. His son Aram Shah succeeded him, but due to his incompetence, he was defeated in a year by Iltumish. Iltumish was the next capable ruler after Aram Shah.  From 1211 to 1236, he ruled.

Rulers of The Slave dynasty:

Qutb-ud-din Aibak, Shams-ud-din Iltutmush, Raziya Sultan, and Ghiyas-ud-din Balban were the great rulers of The slave dynasty. 

1. Qutb-ud-din Aibak: Qutubuddin Aibak was an Indian general in the Ghurid army who survived between 1150 and 1210 CE. Qutubuddin Aibak was born as a slave and climbed the ladder to become India’s first Muslim leader and the originator of Muslim rule. Qutubuddin Aibak was the leader of the Slave dynasty in the middle ages and was the very first ruler of the Delhi Sultanate. He was a Turkish man from the Aybak tribal group who ruled for only 4 years (1206-1210).
2. Shams-ud-din Iltutmish: Iltutmish, like his master Qutbuddin Aibak, was of the Turk caste, but he belonged to the Ilbari tribe of Asia. Ilam Khan, the father of Iltutmish, became the leader of his tribal group. Iltutmish grew up to be very attractive, virtuous, and wise, and his father adored him a lot. “He had a lovely appearance and substantiated symptoms and signs of intellectual capacity and good sense from his early days. His half-brother was envious of his intellectual ability and virtues, so he sold him as a slave to a slave trader named Jamaluddin.
3. Raziya Sultan: Iltutmish’s daughter became Raziya Sultan. She turned into south Asia’s first Muslim ruler, and she dominated with outstanding ability, bravery, and management. She turned into a great warrior born in 1205 and became of Turkish Seljuk ancestry. Raziya Sultan was skilled in fighting, leading an army, and studying the kingdom’s different administrations. Sultan iltutmish chooses Razia as his successor from the start because she is extra ready than her brother. Within the absence of iltutmish at some stage in the reign of iltutmish, Raziya was installed free of the whole lot. With the loss of life of iltutmish, run-ud-din, illtumish’s son, ascended to the throne. Raziya Sultan ascended to the throne in 1236 after defeating her brother with the help of Delhi.
4. Ghiyas-ud-din Balban: Ghiyasuddin balban is shown up as one of the greatest renowned rulers of the so-called slave line. His dad was a khan of 10000 families. His given call at the time became bahauddin. He was kidnapped as a child by the Mongols, who offered him as a captive to Jamaluddin of Basra. He turned into a found person who raised Balban like he had been his child. Iltutmish offered balban and made him his khaddar in a year.

End of The Slave Dynasty

From A.D. 1206 to 1290, the Sultan of the supposed Slave dynasty administered over Delhi. Subsequently, in 100 years, this administration concluded, and another tradition known as the Khaljis prospered in its place. The accompanying occasions added to the slave dynasty’s destruction. Individuals of India would not work with the Sultans of the slave tradition since they viewed them as outsiders. The sensation of agreement among Hindus and Muslims had not yet arisen, and Hindus consistently rebelled against the Muslim rulers. The Sultanate was tossed into chaos and disarray accordingly. 

Conclusion 

The great slave dynasty was known for its bravery and power. As the Sultans of Delhi were distracted with repulsing unfamiliar attacks, extending their region, and settling shared questions, they couldn’t focus on the government assistance of individuals. They did nothing that would help individuals of the Delhi Sultanate, nor did individuals foster a bond with the Sultanate. It, at last, prompted the end of the Salve tradition. Since Muslim rule depended on the Quran and its standards were brought from Ghazni, Ghor, and Baghdad, they were irrelevant in India and started revolts. So In the given article, you can get all the essential information about the slave rulers.