Central Reserve Police Force. 

Before Independence, in 1939 the Crown Police Representative came into existence. It became the Central Reserve Police Force on the enactment of the CRPF Act, On 28 December 1949. Central Reserve Police Force functions under the authority of the force Ministry of Home Affairs. CRPF is India’s largest central armed force. The role of CRPF is to assist the police force of the state and union territories in maintaining law and order. Besides maintaining the law and order, 

CRPF also plays an important role during elections, especially in unrest and violent areas like Bihar, Jammu & Kashmir and the northeast region. During the 1999 Parliamentary, in security management, a major role was played by the CRPF. CRPF provided a very important service in Sri Lanka as a part of IPKF, in the UN Peacekeeping Force in Namibia, Haiti, Maldives, Somalia and also in Bosnia. All these missions are proof enough for the courage, ability, agility, versatility and dependability of CRPF to adapt globally to any conflict situation. 

Research and Analysis Wing is the external intelligence agency of India. 

• Until 1968, the Intelligence Bureau was made responsible for internal and external intelligence activities. 
• The Indo-China war of 1962 and the Indo-Pakistan war of 1965 have shown gaps in the intelligence gathered by the IB. I failed to estimate the military preparation of China and Pakistan in the battles of 1962 and 1965. 
• Against this backdrop, the then Indira Gandhi government felt the need for a dedicated external intelligence agency gathering resulting in the role of RAW.

History of RAW

Sanjeev Pillai became the first Indian Director of the IB after India gained independence in 1947. Pillai attempted to run the bureau on MI5 lines after the British left and the bureau was depleted of trained manpower. Pillai organised a small foreign intelligence operation in 1949, but it was ineffective after the Indian debacle in the Sino-Indian War of 1962. Following a failure of foreign intelligence during the 1962 Sino-Indian War, then-Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru ordered the establishment of a separate foreign intelligence agency. General Joyanto Nath Chaudhuri, the Chief of Army Staff, called for more intelligence gathering after the 1965 Indo-Pakistani war. The idea of a separate foreign intelligence agency began to take shape around the end of 1966.

The administration of Indira Gandhi decided that a full-fledged second security force was required.  R. N. Kao was named head of the Research and Analysis Wing, India’s first foreign intelligence agency. The R & AW was given responsibility for both human and technical strategic external intelligence, as well as joint responsibility for tactical trans-border military intelligence up to a certain depth across the Line of Control (LOC) and the international border with the Directorate-General of Military Intelligence.

Role of RAW: 

• To monitor developments in the neighbouring countries that have a direct bearing on National’s security. 
• To carry out covert operations to protect India’s National interests. 
• Anti-terror operations and neutralizing terror elements pose a threat to India.
• Provision of security services to India’s nuclear programme. 
• To gather intelligence about the organisation and leadership capabilities of various insurgency groups operating in other countries that pose a danger to the security and integrity of India and to neutralise them. 
• Control and limit the military equipment supply to Pakistan, mostly European countries, the USA, Russia, and China. 
• Mould international public view and influence foreign governments through strong and vibrant Diaspora. 

National Investigation Agency (NIA)

• The National Investigation Agency (NIA) was set up under the NIA Act of 2008 as an extraordinary association for examination and arraignment of offences under the arrangement of the NIA Act. 
• It is India’s counter-fear based oppressor team. The organisation is engaged to deal with dread related wrongdoings across states without uncommon consent
•  From the states. 
• National Investigation Agency Act, 2008 was passed by the Parliament of India on 31st December 2008, after the deadly 26/11 terror incident in Mumbai.
• 26/11 Mumbai terror attack surfaced the failure of intelligence and ability to track such activities by existing agencies in India. Therefore the government of India realized the requirement of a specific body to deal with terror activities in India, thereby establishing the NIA. 
• NIA has enlisted and examined 315 cases as of date, i.e., 05.02.2020. After accommodation of charge sheets, 60 cases have been at last or to some extent chosen in the trial. Out of these, 54 points have finished in conviction, giving NIA a lucky conviction level of 90%.

Conclusion 

 It became the Central Reserve Police Force on the enactment of the CRPF Act, on 28 December 1949.  Central Reserve Police Force functions under the authority of the force Ministry of Home Affairs. CRPF is India’s largest central armed force. The role of CRPF is to assist the police force of the state and union territories in maintaining law and order. The idea of a separate foreign intelligence agency began to take shape around the end of 1966.  There are Various Security Forces and Agencies and Their Mandate to monitor developments in the neighbouring countries that have a direct bearing on National’s security. The role of RAW is to carry out covert operations to protect India’s National interests. Anti-terror operations and neutralizing terror elements pose a threat to India. Provision of security services to India’s nuclear programme. The National Intelligence Agency (NIA) was set up under the NIA Act of 2008 as an extraordinary association for examination and arraignment of offences under the arrangement of the NIA Act.