Branches of Geography

Geography is the scientific study of land, its features, the people who inhabit it, and the relationship between the inhabitants and the land. Under Geography Class 11: Branches of Geography, we will discuss the various branches of geography and their subsets. 

Physical Geography 

• Geomorphology 

Geomorphology is basically the scientific study of physical features of landforms. 

• Climatology

Climatology is the scientific study of the climate and how it evolves. 

• Hydrology

Hydrology is the scientific study of the water on earth, its movement, distribution, and properties, along with its relationship with its surroundings. 

• Soil Geography

Soil geography is the branch of Physical Geography concerned with the distribution of different soil variations in different geographical locations. 

Human Geography 

• Social/Cultural Geography

Cultural geography is concerned with examining the cultural diversity and plurality in society along with people’s cultural values and practices over time. 

• Population and Settlement Geography (Rural and Urban)

Population Geography is the study of the population in a particular terrain. The study focuses on the growth of the population and how it is distributed and composed. 

• Economic Geography

Economic geography is a subset of Human Geography that studies economic activities and the factors that affect them.  

• Historical Geography

Historical geography is the branch of Human Geography that studies the changes in geography over time. 

• Political Geography

Political geography is a branch of Human Geography which deals with human governments and divides the land between different political units. 

Biogeography

• Plant Geography

Plant geography is the study of different vegetation growing around the world and how the climate of those places affects the distribution of vegetation. 

• Zoogeography

Zoogeography is a branch of Biogeography that studies the distribution of animals worldwide and the significance of those animals on the land. 

• Ecology/Ecosystem

Ecology is a branch of Biogeography concerned with studying organisms and their interaction with the surrounding environment. 

• Environmental Geography

Environmental geography studies aspects of the interactions between the natural world and human beings.