Introduction

Construction of Integrated Check Posts (ICPs), fence building, floodlighting, Border Out Posts and road infrastructure across Indo-Pakistan, Indo-Bangladesh, Indo-China, and Indo-Nepal borders at different locations are the prominent steps taken for the management of international land borders. The DBM also provides assistance in the developmental activities in border areas under a comprehensive approach to border management. 

• The premise of ‘One Border – One Force’ guides the deployment of multiple units along the frontiers (BGF). 
• ‘One Border -One Force’ is the guiding principle for the deployment of different forces for different border areas rather than a single force.  

• BSF and ITBP are assisted by the Indian Army in the guarding of borders along the Line of Control (LOC) on the Pakistan border and the Line of Actual Control (LAC) on the China border, respectively. 
• Overall maritime security of India, including coastal and offshore security, is the responsibility of the Indian Navy. 
• Coastal security of India’s territorial waters, along with the areas patrolled by coastal police, is also protected by the Indian coast guard. 
• Security perceptions and relationships with neighbouring countries are the reason behind the difference in border management methods and strategies from one border to another.