About Electronic Surveillance: 

• It refers to the use of electronic devices and technologies to monitor, detect, track, and record activities—especially for security and intelligence purposes.

Key Components of Electronic Surveillance:

• CCTV Cameras – Used for real-time visual monitoring of sensitive areas.
• Motion Detectors & Sensors – Detect unauthorized movement near borders or restricted zones.
• Thermal & Infrared Cameras – Allow surveillance even at night or in foggy conditions.
• Radar Systems – Track aerial, ground, and water movement.
• Drone Surveillance – Monitors vast or inaccessible areas remotely.
• Signal Interception Devices – Capture radio or wireless communication for intelligence.

Significance:

• Early Detection of Infiltration: Helps detect intrusions in real time, minimizing reaction time for security forces.
• Tunnel Detection: Vital in identifying underground tunnels terrorists use for sneak attacks and arms smuggling.
• Reduces Manual Patrolling Risks: Minimizes exposure of personnel to harsh terrain and enemy fire.
• Anti-Drone Capabilities: Counters unmanned aerial threats, especially from Pakistan’s side, often used for weapon drops or surveillance.
• Force Multiplier: Enhances surveillance coverage without a proportional increase in manpower.
• 24×7 Monitoring: Enables round-the-clock surveillance in difficult terrains like dense forests, riverine belts, and mountains.
• Cost-Effective & Scalable: Long-term cost saving with low-maintenance systems that can be deployed across long border stretches.

• Union Home Minister Amit Shah said that two models of electronic surveillance systems, designed to detect infiltrators and underground tunnels, are currently undergoing trials along the Jammu border.